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Excerpt:大衛‧福斯特‧華萊士的《這是水:生活中平淡無奇又十分重要之事》(This is water)
2022/03/04 05:47
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Excerpt:大衛‧福斯特‧華萊士的《這是水:生活中平淡無奇又十分重要之事》

華萊士乃是當代所謂後現代的代表性人物。前面已經提到過,後現代的氛圍乃是一種形而上的虛無。由於這個世界已由過去的信轉為不信,因此他的作品都是無比的嘲諷,他像《舊約.傳道書》一樣,都在揭櫫當今生活型態的無聊、瑣碎,以及大眾生活,文化和娛樂的漫無意義。他的憂鬱症,他文學作品所碰觸的虛無、無聊、煩悶問題,也是他生命的主線。這個主線就是「凡事都是虛空」這種形而上的虛無主義。
……

華萊士的《這是水》,就是他意圖克服自己的虛無感的反省之作,一個有無聊、虛無、憂鬱傾向的人,終於能寫出《這是水》這樣的講稿,真的很不容易,可見他和自己作戰是戰鬥得多麼用力。但他最後還是憂鬱的上吊身亡,他的死就顯得格外的悲壯。他可以說是人類存在本質這個戰場真正的悲劇英雄!
——
南方朔,〈生命本質的悲劇英雄!〉

This is 高更
This is
馬蒂斯
This is
梵谷
This is
莫內
⋯⋯
This is is a book. (誤入,這是英文課吧!)
This is water. (
這還真的是一本書啊!
)

話說這幾天讀了這幾本藝術家的畫傳,也就試圖用 This is "搜尋其他書本,沒想到意外發現大衛·福斯特·華萊士   (David Foster Wallace) 的這一本《這是水》,而這也是他在國內唯一的中譯本作品。

從書介及維基百科可知這本小書其實是一篇演講稿,出自於華萊士20056月在美國俄亥俄州
尼恩學院 (Kenyon College) 畢業典禮上的致詞,美國知名新聞雜誌 Time 將這篇演講稿選為Top 10 Commencement Speeches。。

華萊士以兩隻魚不識水為何物開啟了演講,語重心長地論及未來要如何因應成人世界日復一日的日常戰壕,確實值得一讀。


This is water.
This is a great book!


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/This_Is_Water
This Is Water: Some Thoughts, Delivered on a Significant Occasion, about Living a Compassionate Life is an essay by David Foster Wallace, first published in book form by Little, Brown and Company in 2009. The text originates from a commencement speech given by Wallace at Kenyon College on May 21, 2005. The essay was also published in The Best American Nonrequired Reading 2006 and in 2009 its format was stretched by Little, Brown and Company publication to fill 138 pages for a book publication. A transcript of the speech circulated around the Internet as early as June 2005.

This is also the only public speech David Foster Wallace ever gave outlining his outlook on life. Time magazine has ranked This Is Water among the best commencement speeches ever delivered.


https://www.books.com.tw/products/0010630943
這是水:生活中平淡無奇又十分重要之事
This is water: some thoughts, delivered on a significant occasion about living a compassionate life
作者:大衛.福斯特.華萊士 
原文作者:David Foster Wallace
譯者:邱華汾
出版社:紅通通文化出版社 
出版日期:2014/04/02
語言:繁體中文

內容簡介
美國最有影響力的十大畢業典禮演講
華萊士(David Foster Wallace),美國當代聲譽最卓著的作家
他的演講後來被一家工作室做成一支影片,在youtube上短短一禮拜就有四百萬人點閱。

作者簡介
大衛.福斯特.華萊士(David Foster Wallace, 1962-2008

美國當代最好的作家之一。25歲時以《體制的掃帚》(1987)在美國文壇引起轟動。30歲出版長篇小說《無盡嘲諷》(1996),長達一千多頁,描繪美國社會沉溺於追求自我和娛樂,被公認是二十世紀末最重要的小說之一,《時代雜誌》選為1923年以來的百大英語小說,奠定了他在文壇的聲譽。他的小說往往帶有諷刺意味和深沉的哲學思考,常使用長而複雜的句子,以及大量的註釋。除了小說之外,華萊士還有三部短篇小說:《頭髮奇特的女孩》(1989)、《與醜陋之人的短暫會談》(1999)和《遺忘》(2004)。另外,他還在《滾石》、《網球》、《君子》等雜誌寫紀實報導,以及為《洛杉磯時報》、《紐約時報》、《華盛頓郵報》等撰寫書評。但才華洋溢的他卻飽受憂鬱症之苦長達二十年,他父親在受訪時透露,由於精神病藥物的副作用讓他決定暫停服用,病情卻因而加重,在過世前數月極度抑鬱,最後在加州的家中上吊自殺,死時才46歲,令人不勝唏噓。曼克斯(D. T. Max)後來為他寫的傳記《每一個愛情故事都是鬼故事》(2012),書中談及他如何在抑鬱中掙扎,並將此掙扎訴諸寫作。死後留下未完成的手稿《蒼白帝王》(2011),描寫單調和乏味的生活,由他的編輯從遺稿中拼接整理而成,獲得2012年度的普利茲獎小說類提名。

譯者簡介
邱華汾

曾任職出版業,負責編輯和版權經紀工作。目前為專職譯者,譯有《應變力》、《一本有話直說的改頭換面實戰手冊》。

Excerpt

有兩尾正值青春年少的魚兒,肩並肩地游著,遇到了一尾正要去別處的年長的魚。年長的魚向他們點點頭打了招呼,問候道:「早安啊,孩子們。水怎麼樣啊?」
There are these two young fish swimming along and they happen to meet an older fish swimming the other way, who nods at them and says "Morning, boys. Hows the water?"

這兩尾年輕的魚兒繼續往前游了一會兒之後,其中一尾魚兒終於忍不住了,他看著另一尾魚兒,問道:「水到底是什麼東西啊?」
And the two young fish swim on for a bit, and then eventually one of them looks over at the other and goes "What the hell is water?"

……

這則魚兒的故事所直指的重點很簡單,有些實際存在的事物,是最平淡無奇、無處不在又十分重要的,而且往往也最難看見、最難談論。
The point of the fish story is merely that the most obvious, important realities are often the ones that are hardest to see and talk about.

當然,以一條英文語句來表達,不過就是平庸的陳腔濫調罷了,但事實上,在成人世界的日常戰壕中,這個平庸的陳腔濫調非常重要,重要到攸關生死。
Stated as an English sentence, of course, this is just a banal platitude, but the fact is that in the day to day trenches of adult existence, banal platitudes can have a life or death importance…

……

如果對你們來說,關於選擇思考的內容擁有絕對的自由,顯然連探討都太過浪費時間,那麼,我想請你們花一點點時間,思考魚和水之間的關係,對照一下自己對於理所當然存在的事物是否值得探討的懷疑態度。
If your total freedom of choice regarding what to think about seems too obvious to waste time discussing, Id ask you to think about fish and water, and to bracket for just a few minutes your skepticism about the value of the totally obvious.

……

或許學術教育中最危險的部分,至少就我而言,是讓我看待事物傾向於過度理智化,迷失於抽象思考中,而非完全專注於我眼前所發生的事。

而非專注於我心中所發生的事。

……

想想那句老掉牙的話,「思想是個優秀的僕人,卻是個糟糕的主人」。
Think of the old cliché about quote the mind being an excellent servant but a terrible master.

這句話和其他老套格言一樣,看似沒有說服力,而且平淡乏味,然而,它著實道出了毫不平凡並令人敬畏的實情。
This, like many clichés, so lame and unexciting on the surface, actually expresses a great and terrible truth. 

……

而我認為你們所受的文理教育,其真正的、實在的價值在於:在你舒適、富足、體面的成年生活中,能夠免於行屍走肉、不知不覺,不受制於你的頭腦能力,也不受制於天生預設那完全如帝王般獨一無二的自我中心,日復一日。
And I submit that this is what the real, no bullshit value of your liberal arts education is supposed to be about: how to keep from going through your comfortable, prosperous, respectable adult life dead, unconscious, a slave to your head and to your natural default setting of being uniquely, completely, imperially alone day in and day out. 

……

神秘事物不見得就是真的,唯一絕對的真實,是你決定試圖用什方式來看待。
Not that that mystical stuff is necessarily true. The only thing thats capital-T True is that you get to decide how youre gonna try to see it.

這就是我認為的真正教育的自由,以及學習如何自我調適的自由,你會有意識地決定什麼有意義,而什麼則沒有意義。
This, I submit, is the freedom of a real education, of learning how to be well-adjusted. You get to consciously decide what has meaning and what doesnt.

……

在成人生活日復一日的日常戰壕中,真的沒有所謂無神論這回事。
Because heres something else thats weird but true: in the day-to day trenches of adult life, there is actually no such thing as atheism.

也沒有無所信奉這等事。
There is no such thing as not worshipping.

每個人都有信仰。
Everybody worships. 

我們唯一能選擇的,只有要信仰什麽。
The only choice we get is what to worship.

……

這是真正教育的真正價值,和成績、學位完全無關,只和自覺有關,自覺於什麽是真實及重要的,它隱藏在我們周遭平凡無奇的景象之中,於是我們必須一而再、再而三地持續提醒自己:
It is about the real value of a real education, which has almost nothing to do with knowledge, and everything to do with simple awareness; awareness of what is so real and essential, so hidden in plain sight all around us, all the time, that we have to keep reminding ourselves over and over:

「這是水。」
"This is water."

「這是水。」
"This is water."
……

日復一日成熟地過著有自覺的生活,困難得難以想像。
It is unimaginably hard to do this, to stay conscious and alive in the adult world day in and day out.

這表示還有一句陳腔濫調真確無誤:你們的教育實是一生的事,而且始於現在。
Which means yet another grand cliché turns out to be true: your education really IS the job of a lifetime. And it commences: now.

祝你們不只有好運。
I wish you way more than luck.

【原文參考資料】
https://web.archive.org/web/20080213082423/http://www.marginalia.org/dfw_kenyon_commencement.html
Transcription of the 2005 Kenyon Commencement Address - May 21, 2005

https://fs.blog/david-foster-wallace-this-is-water/
This is Water by David Foster Wallace (Full Transcript and Audio)

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