廖柏森
l Compare (V. 比較)
論文寫作中常需比較研究的結果或是與其它不同研究作比較，而最常用的動詞就是compare， 例如:
After applying t-tests to compare means of pre- and post-tests, H1 was accepted and H2 was rejected (p> .05).
使用t檢定比較前測和後測的平均數後，假設1被接受而假設2被拒絕(p> .05)。
Ø compare + Adv. / Adv. + compare
compare advantageously/ favorably/ well (比起來較好) | compare poorly/ unfavorably (比起來較差) | compare directly (直接地比較) | compare statistically (統計地比較) |
例句:
1. The rights we enjoy under our laws compare favourably with those in other societies.
我們在我們的法律下所享有的權利與其它社會比較起來是較好的。
2. Its pay has always compared poorly with that of other white-collar occupations.
其薪資與其它白領工作比較起較差。
3. The simplest way to statistically compare the two types of tests would be to examine the correlation coefficients reported in the literature.
以統計比較兩種測驗的最簡單方式是去檢視文獻中所報告的相關係數。
Ø compare + Prep.
compare with/ to (與…比較) | compare to (比喻) |
有兩件事物相互比較時，要注意介系詞的用法。一般來說，可用「compare A with/ to B」的句型，此時with和to都可表「與…相比」；但有時「compare A to B」是表「比喻」，不可混淆。
例句:
1. The results from this questionnaire would compare with the results of the cloze test.
此問卷的結果會與克漏字測驗結果比較。
說明: 英文中作比較時兩個比較的事物要對等，因此句中會出現兩次results，顯示是「問卷結果」和「克漏字測驗結果」的比較。但台灣同學受中文影響容易寫出不對等的比較，變成「問卷結果」和「克漏字測驗」的比較，如以下錯誤的句子要力求避免:
*The results from this questionnaire would compare with the cloze test.
2. The participants compared their output with the target form in that input.
參與研究者比較他們的輸出和輸入的目標形式。
說明: 此句中的介系詞with也可代換成and。
3. Robert Brown studied the movement of molecules in water, and he found that they moved around randomly, just like a drunkard. We can compare a molecule in water to the drunkard.
Robert Brown研究水中分子的運動，發現這些分子的移動很混亂，就像醉漢一樣。我們可以把水中的分子比喻為一位醉漢。
Ø Prep. + compare
beyond / past/ without compare (無可比擬) |
以上是慣用語，compare雖是動詞，但在此的作用就如同名詞一般，也可用comparison代換。
例句:
1. The diamond beyond compare in its beauty is part of the Crown jewels.
這顆鑽石的美麗無與倫比，是皇冠上的一部份。
u 補充句型:
1. It is difficult to compare results across studies.
在不同研究之間比較結果是很困難的。
u 句型練習:
1. We designed a study to compare __________________ and__________________ .
我們設計了一個研究來比較…和…。
2. __________________ was used to compare experimental and control groups.
…用來比較實驗組和控制組。
3. The purpose of the study reported in this article was to compare the effects of
本文報告的研究其目的在於比較…的效果。
資料來源: http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010410089
