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Excerpt：《維根斯坦的哲學筆記：文化與價值》
2025/10/30 05:09
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Excerpt：《維根斯坦的哲學筆記：文化與價值》
書名：維根斯坦的哲學筆記：文化與價值（德中對照）
Vermischte Bemerkungen. Eine Auswahl aus dem Nachlaß
作者：路德維希．維根斯坦（Ludwig Wittgenstein）
譯者：林宏濤
出版社：商周出版
出版日期：2024/12
https://www.books.com.tw/products/0011007031
內容簡介
本書是維根斯坦著作遺稿中的筆記集結。
這些筆記散見於他的哲學著述中，不少與他的論述沒有直接關係。維根斯坦本人會在許多地方用括號或其他方式將這些筆記與他的哲學論述分開。這些筆記中，有的是自傳敘事、有的是評論，包含音樂、建築、詩歌、宗教等思考。
這些筆記字字珠璣、耐人尋味，語言優美頗具機鋒，讓讀者一窺天才哲學家的魅力與思想世界。
【Excerpt】
我覺得我的哲學思考方式一直都是新的，也一再在更新，也因為如此，我必須一再重複自己的思考。對於另一個世代而言，那早就深植於他們的血肉裡，因而會對於我的一再重複感到厭煩。可是對我而言，那是有必要的。
I still find my own way of philosophizing new, and it keeps striking me so afresh; that is why I need to repeat myself so often. It will have become second nature to a new generation, to whom the repetitions will be boring. I find them necessary.
一個新詞就像一顆新鮮的種子，它被播種在討論的土壤上。
A new word is like a fresh seed sewn on the ground of the discussion.
當我們思考世界的未來，我們總是意指著，如果它照著我們現在看到的走向，有一天會走到哪個地方，我們不認為它是在筆直地前進，而是一條曲線，而它的方向也一直在改變。
When we think of the world’s future, we always mean the destination it will reach if it keeps going in the direction we can see it going in now; it does not occur to us that its path is not a straight line but a curve, constantly changing direction.
我有一次提到說，而且也許是有道理的：往昔的文明變成了瓦礫堆，到頭來更成為一堆灰燼，可是幽靈會在灰燼上方翱翔。
I once said, perhaps rightly: The earlier culture will become a heap of rubble and finally a heap of ashes, but spirits will hover over the ashes.
我寫下的每個句子，都在訴說整體，也就是說，我一直在說同樣的事，它們就像是以不同的角度思考對於一個對象的種種觀點。
Each of the sentences I write is trying to say the whole thing, i.e. the same thing over and over again; it is as though they were all simply views of one object seen from different angles.
我或許可以說：如果說我想到達的地方只能爬梯子上去，那麼我會放棄。因為我真正必須到達的地方，應該已經在我腳下了。
至於順著梯子可以到達什麼地方，我也不感興趣。
I might say: if the place I want to get to could only be reached by way of a ladder, I would give up trying to get there. For the place I really have to get to is a place I must already be at now.
Anything that I might reach by climbing a ladder does not interest me.
就算一個人超越了時代，有一天時代也會趕上他的。
If someone is merely ahead of his time, it will catch him up one day.
思想已經破舊不堪，再也不能用了。（有一次我聽到拉伯在談起音樂思潮時也有類似的評論。）就像銀箔一樣，一旦被揉皺了就再也無法恢復平整。我的所有思想幾乎都被揉皺了。
The idea is worn out by now and no longer usable. (I once heard Labor make a similar remark about musical ideas.) Like silver paper, which can never quite be smoothed out again once it has been crumpled. Nearly all my ideas are a bit crumpled.
我其實是用筆在思考，因為我的腦袋往往不知道我的手在寫什麼。
I really do think with my pen, because my head often knows nothing about what my hand is writing.
不管你再怎麼寫你自己，都不如真正的你那麼真實。這是寫你自己以及書寫外在對象之間的差別。你只能以自己的高度寫你自己。因為你不會踩高蹺或是站在梯子上，而只會打赤腳站在地上。
You cannot write anything about yourself that is more truthful than you yourself are. That is the difference between writing about yourself and writing about external objects. You write about yourself from your own height. You don’t stand on stilts or on a ladder but on your bare feet.
天才是讓我們忘記大師的才華的東西。
Genius is what makes us forget the master’s talent.
天才是讓我們忘記技巧的東西。
Genius is what makes us forget skill.
天才消磨殆盡了，才會顯現出技巧。（《紐倫堡的名歌手》序曲。）
Where genius wears thin skill may show through. (Overture to the Mastersingers.)
天才是使我們沒辦法看見大師的才華的東西。
Genius is what prevents us from seeing the master’s talent.
唯有天才消磨殆盡了，我們才看得到才能。
Only where genius wears thin can you see the talent.
人們如此虔誠，以至於他們相信自己不是不完美，而是有病。
任何還算正直的人都會相信自己一點也不完美，可是虔誠的人卻相信自己是卑劣可恥的。
People are religious to the extent that they believe themselves to be not so much imperfect, as ill.
Any man who is half-way decent will think himself extremely imperfect, but a religious man thinks himself wretched.
有時候我們必須以正確的節奏讀一個句子，才有辦法理解它。我的每個句子都必須慢慢讀。
Sometimes a sentence can be understood only if it is read at the right tempo. My sentences are all supposed to be read slowly.
尼采有一次說，就算是最卓越的詩人和思想家也會寫出平庸和拙劣的作品，他們只是把優秀的作品挑揀出來而已。但是並不完全此。一個園丁的花園裡除了玫瑰以外，當然也有堆肥、垃圾和器草，但是它們並沒有蘭艾之分，而主要是取決於它們在花園裡的功能。
那就像是：一個看起來的拙劣句子，有可能是一個佳句的胚芽。
Nietzsche writes somewhere1 that even the best poets and thinkers have written stuff that is mediocre and bad, but have separated off the good material. But it is not quite like that. It’s true that a gardener, along with his roses, keeps manure and rubbish and straw in his garden, but what distinguishes them is not just their value, but mainly their function in the garden.
Something that looks like a bad sentence can be the germ of a good one.
「品味」的能力沒辦法創造出任何生命體，而只能校準既有的東西。品味可以把螺絲鬆開或栓緊，但是沒辦法創造出一個新的機械裝置。
The faculty of ‘taste’ cannot create a new structure, it can only make adjustments to one that already exists. Taste loosens and tightens screws, it does not build a new piece of machinery.
只要我在八荒九垓之處不斷遇見那些我無法回答的問題，我就開由了我為什麼在沒有那麼偏遠的地方顯得拙於應付。因為我怎麼知己在這裡妨礙我找尋答案的，到了那裡會不會也同樣阻礙我撥開迷霧呢？
As long as I continue to come across questions in more remote regions which I can’t answer, it is understandable that I should still not be able to find my way around regions that are less remote. For how do I know that what stands in the way of an answer here is not precisely what is preventing me from clearing away the fog over there?
我真的想要以我的大量標點符號減緩閱讀的節奏。因為我想要讓人們慢慢讀我。(就像我讀我自己一樣。)
I really want my copious punctuation marks to slow down the speed of reading. Because I should like to be read slowly. (As I myself read.)
就算我們混跡在臉部特徵都相同的人群裡，我們也沒有辦法找到我們自己。
Suppose we were to meet people who all had the same facial features: that would be enough for us not to know where we were with them.
只要我們大膽而清楚地表達一個錯誤的想法，那就已經大有斬獲了。
Even to have expressed a false thought boldly and clearly is already to have gamed a great deal.
書名：維根斯坦的哲學筆記：文化與價值（德中對照）
Vermischte Bemerkungen. Eine Auswahl aus dem Nachlaß
作者：路德維希．維根斯坦（Ludwig Wittgenstein）
譯者：林宏濤
出版社：商周出版
出版日期：2024/12
https://www.books.com.tw/products/0011007031
內容簡介
本書是維根斯坦著作遺稿中的筆記集結。
這些筆記散見於他的哲學著述中，不少與他的論述沒有直接關係。維根斯坦本人會在許多地方用括號或其他方式將這些筆記與他的哲學論述分開。這些筆記中，有的是自傳敘事、有的是評論，包含音樂、建築、詩歌、宗教等思考。
這些筆記字字珠璣、耐人尋味，語言優美頗具機鋒，讓讀者一窺天才哲學家的魅力與思想世界。
【Excerpt】
我覺得我的哲學思考方式一直都是新的，也一再在更新，也因為如此，我必須一再重複自己的思考。對於另一個世代而言，那早就深植於他們的血肉裡，因而會對於我的一再重複感到厭煩。可是對我而言，那是有必要的。
I still find my own way of philosophizing new, and it keeps striking me so afresh; that is why I need to repeat myself so often. It will have become second nature to a new generation, to whom the repetitions will be boring. I find them necessary.
一個新詞就像一顆新鮮的種子，它被播種在討論的土壤上。
A new word is like a fresh seed sewn on the ground of the discussion.
當我們思考世界的未來，我們總是意指著，如果它照著我們現在看到的走向，有一天會走到哪個地方，我們不認為它是在筆直地前進，而是一條曲線，而它的方向也一直在改變。
When we think of the world’s future, we always mean the destination it will reach if it keeps going in the direction we can see it going in now; it does not occur to us that its path is not a straight line but a curve, constantly changing direction.
我有一次提到說，而且也許是有道理的：往昔的文明變成了瓦礫堆，到頭來更成為一堆灰燼，可是幽靈會在灰燼上方翱翔。
I once said, perhaps rightly: The earlier culture will become a heap of rubble and finally a heap of ashes, but spirits will hover over the ashes.
我寫下的每個句子，都在訴說整體，也就是說，我一直在說同樣的事，它們就像是以不同的角度思考對於一個對象的種種觀點。
Each of the sentences I write is trying to say the whole thing, i.e. the same thing over and over again; it is as though they were all simply views of one object seen from different angles.
我或許可以說：如果說我想到達的地方只能爬梯子上去，那麼我會放棄。因為我真正必須到達的地方，應該已經在我腳下了。
至於順著梯子可以到達什麼地方，我也不感興趣。
I might say: if the place I want to get to could only be reached by way of a ladder, I would give up trying to get there. For the place I really have to get to is a place I must already be at now.
Anything that I might reach by climbing a ladder does not interest me.
就算一個人超越了時代，有一天時代也會趕上他的。
If someone is merely ahead of his time, it will catch him up one day.
思想已經破舊不堪，再也不能用了。（有一次我聽到拉伯在談起音樂思潮時也有類似的評論。）就像銀箔一樣，一旦被揉皺了就再也無法恢復平整。我的所有思想幾乎都被揉皺了。
The idea is worn out by now and no longer usable. (I once heard Labor make a similar remark about musical ideas.) Like silver paper, which can never quite be smoothed out again once it has been crumpled. Nearly all my ideas are a bit crumpled.
我其實是用筆在思考，因為我的腦袋往往不知道我的手在寫什麼。
I really do think with my pen, because my head often knows nothing about what my hand is writing.
不管你再怎麼寫你自己，都不如真正的你那麼真實。這是寫你自己以及書寫外在對象之間的差別。你只能以自己的高度寫你自己。因為你不會踩高蹺或是站在梯子上，而只會打赤腳站在地上。
You cannot write anything about yourself that is more truthful than you yourself are. That is the difference between writing about yourself and writing about external objects. You write about yourself from your own height. You don’t stand on stilts or on a ladder but on your bare feet.
天才是讓我們忘記大師的才華的東西。
Genius is what makes us forget the master’s talent.
天才是讓我們忘記技巧的東西。
Genius is what makes us forget skill.
天才消磨殆盡了，才會顯現出技巧。（《紐倫堡的名歌手》序曲。）
Where genius wears thin skill may show through. (Overture to the Mastersingers.)
天才是使我們沒辦法看見大師的才華的東西。
Genius is what prevents us from seeing the master’s talent.
唯有天才消磨殆盡了，我們才看得到才能。
Only where genius wears thin can you see the talent.
人們如此虔誠，以至於他們相信自己不是不完美，而是有病。
任何還算正直的人都會相信自己一點也不完美，可是虔誠的人卻相信自己是卑劣可恥的。
People are religious to the extent that they believe themselves to be not so much imperfect, as ill.
Any man who is half-way decent will think himself extremely imperfect, but a religious man thinks himself wretched.
有時候我們必須以正確的節奏讀一個句子，才有辦法理解它。我的每個句子都必須慢慢讀。
Sometimes a sentence can be understood only if it is read at the right tempo. My sentences are all supposed to be read slowly.
尼采有一次說，就算是最卓越的詩人和思想家也會寫出平庸和拙劣的作品，他們只是把優秀的作品挑揀出來而已。但是並不完全此。一個園丁的花園裡除了玫瑰以外，當然也有堆肥、垃圾和器草，但是它們並沒有蘭艾之分，而主要是取決於它們在花園裡的功能。
那就像是：一個看起來的拙劣句子，有可能是一個佳句的胚芽。
Nietzsche writes somewhere1 that even the best poets and thinkers have written stuff that is mediocre and bad, but have separated off the good material. But it is not quite like that. It’s true that a gardener, along with his roses, keeps manure and rubbish and straw in his garden, but what distinguishes them is not just their value, but mainly their function in the garden.
Something that looks like a bad sentence can be the germ of a good one.
「品味」的能力沒辦法創造出任何生命體，而只能校準既有的東西。品味可以把螺絲鬆開或栓緊，但是沒辦法創造出一個新的機械裝置。
The faculty of ‘taste’ cannot create a new structure, it can only make adjustments to one that already exists. Taste loosens and tightens screws, it does not build a new piece of machinery.
只要我在八荒九垓之處不斷遇見那些我無法回答的問題，我就開由了我為什麼在沒有那麼偏遠的地方顯得拙於應付。因為我怎麼知己在這裡妨礙我找尋答案的，到了那裡會不會也同樣阻礙我撥開迷霧呢？
As long as I continue to come across questions in more remote regions which I can’t answer, it is understandable that I should still not be able to find my way around regions that are less remote. For how do I know that what stands in the way of an answer here is not precisely what is preventing me from clearing away the fog over there?
我真的想要以我的大量標點符號減緩閱讀的節奏。因為我想要讓人們慢慢讀我。(就像我讀我自己一樣。)
I really want my copious punctuation marks to slow down the speed of reading. Because I should like to be read slowly. (As I myself read.)
就算我們混跡在臉部特徵都相同的人群裡，我們也沒有辦法找到我們自己。
Suppose we were to meet people who all had the same facial features: that would be enough for us not to know where we were with them.
只要我們大膽而清楚地表達一個錯誤的想法，那就已經大有斬獲了。
Even to have expressed a false thought boldly and clearly is already to have gamed a great deal.
自訂分類：Selected & Extracts
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