(七)出口商之價格承諾(price undertakings)

         於進口國之反傾銷稅調查中，出口商可向該進口國之主管機關，表示其願意調高價格以消除傾銷之情況，並促使該進口國之主管機關終止調查。根據反傾銷協定第8.1條規定：當收到來自任何出口商符合要求的(satisfactory)之自願性承諾(voluntary ubdertakings)以修改其價格，或停止以傾銷之價格出口至關於此問題之區域，使主管機關對於傾銷損害之作用已被消除而感到滿意，在不實施暫時性措施及反傾銷稅之狀況下，訴訟程序(proceedings)可被暫緩(suspended)或終止。在價格承諾下之價格提高，不應高於必要(necessary)被消除之傾銷差額(margin of dumping)。假如該價格之提高可充分地(adequate)消除國內產業之損害，價格之提高應少於傾銷差額為可取的(desirable)。

Antidumping Agreement Article 8.1 (  “Proceedings may be suspended or terminated without the imposition of provisional measures or anti-dumping duties upon receipt of satisfactory voluntary undertakings from any exporter to revise its prices or to cease exports to the area in question at dumped prices so that the authorities are satisfied that the injurious effect of the dumping is eliminated.  Price increases under such undertakings shall not be higher than necessary to eliminate the margin of dumping.  It is desirable that the price increases be less than the margin of dumping if such increases would be adequate to remove the injury to the domestic industry.” )

(八)反傾銷稅之課徵(imposition)

         於進口國之主管機關認定傾銷之產品，符合傾銷之實體要件後，主管機關即可對傾銷之進口課徵傾銷稅。根據反傾銷協定第9.1條規定：是否於所有課徵要求皆符合之案件中課徵反傾銷稅之裁定(decision)，傾銷稅之數額是否需被按照全部傾銷差額或少於傾銷差額加以課徵，以上兩者為進口會員國之主管機關需做出之裁定。反傾銷稅於所有會員國之領域內皆允許(permissive)被課徵，假如較少之反傾銷稅對於消除國內產業之損害已達充分(adequate)，則反傾銷稅之課徵數額可以少於傾銷差額。

Antidumping Agreement Article 9.1 ( “The decision whether or not to impose an anti-dumping duty in cases where all requirements for the imposition have been fulfilled, and the decision whether the amount of the anti-dumping duty to be imposed shall be the full margin of dumping or less, are decisions to be made by the authorities of the importing Member.  It is desirable that the imposition be permissive in the territory of all Members, and that the duty be less than the margin if such lesser duty would be adequate to remove the injury to the domestic industry.” )

以上英文條文之翻譯為個人翻譯，非權威學者之翻譯。

參考文獻

國際貿易法：世界貿易組織下之法律新秩序 國際經貿法研究(五) 羅昌發 著