花中四君子,是梅、蘭、竹、菊四種植物的統稱。梅在寒冬盛放,蘭花清秀,菊花淡香、竹子節節上升,常被視為君子的象徵。還有松樹和頑石,皆得到古代文人的喜歡,常寫入花鳥山水畫中。
四君子是氣節崇高的象徵,常作為中國畫及東洋畫的畫題,也代表四季(春蘭、夏竹、秋菊、冬梅)。
植物「四君子」:梅「清友」、蘭「靜友」、竹「直友」、菊「節友」
梅、蘭、竹、菊,中國畫中四種格外常見的主題
被古今文人高士用來表現:清高拔俗的情趣、正直的氣節、虛心的品質和純潔的思想感情,因此,素有 四君子 之稱。
宋朝人將梅、蘭、竹、菊合稱「四君子」,謂此四者:幽芬逸致,偏能滌人穢腸,而澄瑩其神骨。
松、竹、梅稱之為歲寒三友,也有人以梅、竹、石三者來代表。
其中:「松」表示長青不老,「竹」有君子風範,「梅」則為堅忍不拔,「石」意謂忠貞不移。
但是不管是何種組合,都含有操守不踰、自我惕厲的意思。
宋代、元代一些畫家喜好以竹子、梅花做為表現題材,加上松樹則稱為「歲寒三友」。「元四家」之一的吳鎮在歲寒三友之外加畫蘭花,而稱之為「四友圖」,以此具有四君子的雛型。明神宗萬曆年間黃鳳池輯《梅蘭竹菊四譜》,陳繼儒稱「四君」後又改名為「四君子」,至此,中國傳統水墨繪畫中以梅、蘭、竹、菊約定俗成地合稱四君子,而後人在畫面中加上松樹或水仙、奇石,則稱為「五清」或「五友」。清代王概編定的《芥子園畫傳》輯有梅、蘭、竹、菊四譜,成為水墨繪畫傳習的範本。
梅有三蕾五瓣,代表三民主義及五權憲法,且梅花凌冬耐寒,其所表現的堅貞剛潔,足為國人效法。梅開五瓣,象徵五族共和,具有敦五倫、重五常、敷五教的意義。
蘭花名列花中四君子之一,確有其獨到之處。蘭的形態賢淑,花香幽遠,被譽為「香祖」。
家語中說:「孔子曰與人善交,如入藏蘭之室,久而不聞其香,則與之俱化。」就是說與正人君子在一起,如在養蘭花的房間裡,被香氣所化。蘭花不驕不媚,氣質超凡脫俗,深受人們的鐘愛,尤其在我國人民心中,蘭花是真誠、美好的象徵。
竹子因為「有節」,所以也常用來象徵人的志「節」,所謂有節故而能立,植物特性上,有節而不是從頭到尾中空,才不容易斷,而人也是有自己的原則志氣,才能頂天立地。
民俗上也常代表「節節高升」。竹子因為風吹不倒,所以也代表「不屈不繞」因為中空,所以也象徵「虛心豁達」、「謙虛」。
菊花的特色是傲霜高潔,強韌的生命力。象徵品德是菊花具有「素心常耐冷,晚節本無瑕」的內涵,故古人常以菊花比喻人的德行圓滿、為政清廉。不畏風霜的品格,抵抗逆境的侵襲,而能生機勃勃地挺立於世。
http://www.shute.kh.edu.tw/~d09815a/web07/L3.html
男人唱鄉村歌曲, 好像都要留著大把鬍子才有滄桑味.
這是一首講故事的歌曲. 行板速度. 故事很可憐而感人. 歌詞值得一貼. 大家讀讀吧. 就當是聽故事
kenny rogers coward of the county
Ev'ryone considered him the coward of the county.
He'd never stood one single
time to prove the county wrong.
His mama named him Tommy, the folks just
called him yellow,
But something always told me they were reading Tommy wrong.
He was only ten years old when his daddy died in prison.
I took care of Tommy 'cause he was my brother's son.
I still recall the final words
my brother said to Tommy:
"Son, my life is over, but yours is just begun.
Promise me, son, not to do the things I've done.
Walk away from trouble if you can.
Now it won't mean you're weak if you turn the other cheek.
I hope you're old enough to understand:Son, you don't have to fight to be a man."
There's someone for ev'ryone and Tommy's love was Becky.
In her arms he didn't have to prove he was a man.
One day while he was workin' the Gatlin boys came callin'.
They took turns at Becky.... There was three of them!
Tommy opened up the door and saw his Becky cryin'.
The torn dress, the shattered look was more than he could stand.
He reached above the fireplace and took down his daddy's picture.
As his tears fell on his daddy's face, he heard these words again:
"Promise me, son, not to do the things I've done.Walk away
from trouble if you can.
Now it won't mean you're weak if you turn the other cheek.
I hope you're old enough to understand:Son, you don't have to fight to be a man."
The Gatlin boys just laughed at him when he walked into the barroom.
One of them got up and met him halfway 'cross the floor.
When Tommy turned around they said, "Hey look! ol' yellow's leavin'."
But you coulda heard a pin drop when Tommy stopped and blocked the door.
Twenty years of crawlin' was bottled up inside him.
He wasn't holdin' nothin' back; he let 'em have it all.
When Tommy left the barroom not a Gatlin boy was standin'.
He said, "This one's for Becky," as he watched the last one fall.
And I heard him say,
"I promised you, Dad, not to do the things you done.
I walk away from trouble when I can.
Now please don't think I'm weak, I didn't turn the other cheek,
and Papa, I sure hope you understand:
Sometimes you gotta fight when you're a man."
Ev'ryone
considered him the coward of the county.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yK543f0_UKc