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吝嗇富人命墮乞丐
2012/05/06 10:29
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佛陀時代舍衛城中,有一位非常富有的人叫阿難達,他雖然富有但為人卻相當吝嗇,更別談布施。他時常對兒子牧拉斯說:「不要以為自己有錢就可以亂花錢,應該要更努力累積財富,否則財產會日漸減少。」阿難達視錢如命,他甚至在屋裡埋藏了五甕的金幣,直到他去世前,始終都沒有告訴家人埋錢的地點。

 

阿難達命終,很快的又投生到舍衛城不遠的一處乞丐村,神奇的是從他投胎的母親懷孕開始,附近所有的乞丐收入就減少,他們認為這些人當中一定有個不祥之人,於是逐一過濾,最後他們判斷是這位懷孕的婦女,這位婦女就被驅逐離開村子。不久婦女生下一個人見人厭醜陋的兒子,每次她單獨外出乞討,就能得到和以前一樣多的施捨,如果帶著兒子一起乞討,就什麼也得不到。等兒子長大之後,婦女就要兒子單獨外出乞討,一日當她兒子走到前世的家時,他前世的孫子們見到他醜陋的外表,心生恐懼,就叫僕人把他趕走。

 

此時,正在城裡化緣的佛陀見到這件事,就叫這位前世是「阿難達」的丐兒去請牧拉斯過來談話,佛陀告訴牧拉斯:「這位年輕的乞丐是你前世的父親」,但是牧拉斯卻不相信,佛陀就叫丐兒去挖出那五甕金幣,牧拉斯看到後才相信佛陀所言不虛。從此,他就皈依佛陀,成為佛陀虔誠的信徒,並且行善佈施,以修來世更大的福報。《法句經 愚品》

 

本篇佛典公案說明慳吝之人來世受貧窮報,而且受報快速,依本篇經典來看,這位富有的人阿難達命終後投生到乞丐之家,長大後外出乞討走到他前世自己的家,孫子不識前世的爺爺,見醜陋要趕他,這種人間悲劇在世間每天都會上演不同的劇情,有報恩,有討債,前世佈施多,今世所得就更多,過去未曾佈施,今生就捉襟見肘,經云:「富有慳惜。不肯施與。愛保貪重。心勞身苦。如是至竟。無一隨者。善惡禍福。追命所生。」指出一個人富貴貧窮,出生好壞,都是自己的心所造就的結果,以致世世輪迴,只是人們不明白而已。

 

當自己有能力,就要想到幫助人,這樣的心念就是發菩提心,世間所有一切都是公平,每個人的一生榮辱都是自己前身所造就。經云:「施一得萬報」,比喻佈施的心所獲得的果報很大,自己當下那顆能捨的心,哪怕只佈施一點錢,果報一樣大,一個人以財物幫助人,內不見能施之我,外不牽掛受施之人,亦不著所施之物相,即是「三輪體空」。佈施出去的財物不要有不捨的心,能捨即能得,捨的越多賺的越多,佈施不要常想到自己做多少善事,做過就要忘,用清淨心、平等心來佈施,所施雖少,獲福卻是無量與長壽。

 

有智慧的人,他懂萬緣放下,勤修福德,一個人擁有廣大財富是前世累積的福報,今世有錢如果再慳貪,就會回到貧窮,一旦墮入貧窮,要想來世富貴有錢,必須做出大善福,但是貧窮的人三餐都吃不飽,如何有能力修福?因此懂得這個道理的人,要想來生更好,這世就要開始修善,累積來世的資糧,不儲蓄,怎麼有錢花呢?從哪裡佈施出去必定本金加利回到自己的身上。文中阿難達拼命賺錢,但是命終一分錢也帶不走,留下的卻是一身業,因為生前小氣有錢不肯佈施濟貧,沒有給自己修一點福德,因此命終下生乞丐。

 

常聽人說自己都需要別人救濟了,哪有閒錢佈施?如果這樣想的人,必將註定生生世世貧窮了。佛經說佈施有三種,財施、法施、無畏施。三種佈施中,以法施最好,果報是今生來世得大智慧,助印經書、寫有勵志的文章讓人恆久受益。財施雖好,但有盡時,錢財絕對無法讓自己長久的擁有。無畏施即是讓眾生免於恐懼,無錢佈施也可以做義工助人,勸人向善,很多方法,都是佈施的一種,也可以用自己的清淨心佈施給佛陀,清淨心是自己一天當中都沒有任何憤怒心、煩惱心,愁苦心,就可以上供給佛陀。懂得佈施的人有福,錢財再多都帶不走,唯有修善才是累世的福報。佛陀告訴我們宇宙人生真相,原來盡虛空遍法界一切眾生,都與自己有密切的關係,大家都是一個生命共同體,只有心量大的人,才能擁有更多的財富與福德。

 

 

 

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