Canard [n][kuh-nahrd; French ka-nar]
Definition
1.a false or baseless, usually derogatory story, report, or rumor.
2.Cookery. a duck intended or used for food.
3.Aeronautics.
Origin
before 1850, from French canard "a hoax," literally "a duck" (from OldFrench quanart, probably echoic of a duck's quack); said by Littré to befrom the phrase vendre un canard à moitié "to half-sell a duck," thus, fromsome long-forgotten joke, "to cheat."
Examples
that canard again, from people who ought to know better.
Deprecate [v]/ˈdɛprɪˌkeɪt/
Definition
1.to express disapproval of; protest against
2.to depreciate (a person, someone's character, etc); belittle
3.(archaic) to try to ward off by prayer
Word Origin
C17: from Latin dēprecārī to avert, ward off by entreaty, from de- + precārīto pray
Example
Those who profess to favor freedom, and yet deprecate agitation, are menwho want crops without plowing up the ground.
Reputed [n]/ri-pyoot]/
Definition
1.estimation in the view of others; reputation :
persons of good repute.
2.favorable reputation; good name; public respect.
verb (used with object), reputed, reputing.
3.to consider or believe (a person or thing) to be as specified; regard(usually used in the passive)
Word Origin
C15: from Old French reputer, from Latin reputāre to think over, from re+putāre to think
Examples
It was reputed to make foods taste almost not fat-free, but it did have thisunfortunate side effect.
Frail[n]/freyl/
Definition
1.a flexible basket made of rushes, used especially for dried fruits, asdates, figs, or raisins.
2.a certain quantity of raisins, about 75 pounds (34 kg), contained insuch a basket.
Origin
1300-50; Middle English frayel, fraelle < Old French frayel < ?
Examples
We worry she's too frail to make it through the weekend.
Potent[n]/poht-nt/
Definition
1.a fur having a pattern of T -shaped forms, placed in alternate directionsand having alternating tinctures, one metal and one color, so that allforms of one tincture face the same way and are between, above, andbelow forms of the other tincture facing the other way.
2.a T -shaped form used in potent or counterpotent.
adjective
3.(of a cross) having a crosspiece at the extremity of each arm:
a cross potent.
Origin
1325-75; Middle English potente crutch
Examples Placebo injections are more effective than placebo pills, and neither is aspotent as sham surgery.
Excoriate [v]/ɪkˈskɔːrɪˌeɪt/
Definition
1.to strip (the skin) from (a person or animal); flay
2.(med) to lose (a superficial area of skin), as by scratching, theapplication of chemicals, etc
3.to denounce vehemently; censure severely
Word Origin
C15: from Late Latin excoriāre to strip, flay, from Latin corium skin, hide
Examples The film could excoriate these manifestations but instead finds themamusing.
Devout [adj]/dɪˈvaʊt/
Definition
1.deeply religious; reverent
2.sincere; earnest; heartfelt: a devout confession
Word Origin
C13: from Old French devot, from Late Latin dēvōtus, from Latin: faithful;
Examples Some miracles seem to have much more profound implications, at least tothe devout.
Diminutive[adj]/dɪˈmɪnjʊtɪv/
Definition
1.very small; tiny
2.(grammar)
denoting an affix added to a word to convey the meaning small orunimportant or to express affection, as for example the suffix -ettein French
denoting a word formed by the addition of a diminutive affix
Origin
late 14c. (noun and adjective), from Old French diminutif (14c.), from Latindiminutivus, earlier deminutivus, from past participle stem of deminuere
Examples But what is noticeable about Homo floresiensis is how small the brain is,even in comparison to the diminutive body.
Profuse [adj]/prəˈfjuːs/
Definition
1.plentiful, copious, or abundant: profuse compliments
2.(often foll by in) free or generous in the giving (of): profuse in thanks
Word Origin
C15: from Latin profundere to pour lavishly
Examples
Mullet are so profuse they will literally jump into a fisherman's boat.
Dulcet [adj]/ˈdʌlsɪt/
Definition
1.(of a sound) soothing or pleasant; sweet
Word Origin
C14: from Latin dulcis sweet
Examples
Evening meals are candlelit, with flaming torches and the dulcet tones oftraditional music accompanying your choice of food.
Impromptu [adj]/ɪmˈprɒmptjuː/
Definition
1.unrehearsed; spontaneous; extempore
2.produced or done without care or planning; improvised
Word Origin
C17: from French, from Latin in promptū in readiness, from promptus (adj)ready
Examples With the turn of a crank, slowly a big iron door slid back, allowing thechimps access to their impromptu photo studio.
Malevolent [adj]/məˈlɛvələnt/
Definiton
1.wishing or appearing to wish evil to others; malicious
2.(astrology) having an evil influence
Word Origin
C16: from Latin malevolens, from male ill + volens, present participle ofvelle to wish
Example
As people gain understanding of the way the body works, the potential formaking truly malevolent agents increases, too.
Wistful [adj]/ˈwɪstfʊl/
Definition
1.sadly pensive, esp about something yearned for
Word Origin
1610s, "closely attentive," from obsolete wist "intent" (c.1500), ofuncertain origin. Perhaps formed on the model of wishful. The meaning of"yearningly eager" is first recorded 1714.
Examples
One can't help feeling wistful while gazing at this final scene.
Raiment [n]/ˈreɪmənt/
Definition
1.(archaic or poetic) attire; clothing; garments
Word Origin
C15: shortened from arrayment, from Old French agreement
Examples But there are many more wearable versions with a suitably vintage air todress up holiday raiment.
Brigand [n]/ˈbrɪɡənd/
Definition
1.a bandit or plunderer, esp a member of a gang operating inmountainous areas
Word Origin
C14: from Old French, from Old Italian brigante fighter, from brigare tofight, from briga strife, of Celtic origin
Examples
In certain conditions the brigand has not been a mere malefactor.
Corpulent [adj]/ˈkɔːpjʊlənt/
Definition
1.physically bulky; fat
Word Origin
C14: from Latin corpulentus fleshy
Examples Another corpulent cretinous centipede who either does not understand howscience is done or willfully neglects it.
Rail[n]/reɪl/
Definition
1.any of various small wading birds of the genus Rallus and relatedgenera: family Rallidae, order Gruiformes (cranes, etc). They haveshort wings, long legs, and dark plumage
Word Origin
C15: from Old French raale, perhaps from Latin rādere to scrape
Examples
State rail firms have the ability to foil smaller rivals and new entrants.
Raconteur [n]/ˌrækɒnˈtɜː/
Definition
1.a person skilled in telling stories
Word Origin
C19: French, from raconter to tell
Examples The book grew less out of the literary ambitions of its author than out of hermarvelous skills as a raconteur.
Sullen [adj]/ˈsʌlən/
Definition
1.unwilling to talk or be sociable; sulky; morose
2.sombre; gloomy: a sullen day
3.(literary) sluggish; slow: a sullen stream
4.(obsolete) threatening
Word Origin
C16: perhaps from Anglo-French solain (unattested), ultimately related toLatin sōlus alone
Examples Deep down lurks the sullen suspicion that this is a drama that the euro zonemay be condemned to relive time and again.
Rift [n]/rɪft/
Definition
1.a gap or space made by cleaving or splitting; fissure
2.(geology) a long narrow zone of faulting resulting from tensionalstress in the earth's crust
3.a gap between two cloud masses; break or chink: he saw the sunthrough a rift in the clouds
4.a break in friendly relations between people, nations, etc
Word Origin
C13: from Old Norse; related to Danish rift cleft, Icelandic ript breach of contract
Examples
Ten million years from now the entire rift may be submerged.
Emissary [n]/ˈɛmɪsərɪ; -ɪsrɪ/
Definition
1.an agent or messenger sent on a mission, esp one who represents agovernment or head of state
2.an agent sent on a secret mission, as a spy
Word Origin
C17: from Latin ēmissārius emissary, spy, from ēmittere to send out;
Examples
They sent me as an emissary.
Ruminate [v]/ˈruːmɪˌneɪt/
Definition
1.(of ruminants) to chew (the cud)
2.when intr, often foll by upon, on, etc. to meditate or ponder (upon)
Word Origin
C16: from Latin rūmināre to chew the cud, from rumen
Examples
Some can ruminate for months without taking any action, psychologistssay.
Taut [adj]/tɔːt/
Definition
1.tightly stretched; tense
2.showing nervous strain; stressed
3.(mainly nautical) in good order; neat
Word Origin
C14 tought; probably related to Old English togian to tow 1
Examples The towel needs to be fairly taut across the top of the bowl to prevent itfrom sagging into the water.
Livid [adj]/ˈlɪvɪd/
Definition
1.(of the skin) discoloured, as from a bruise or contusion
2.of a greyish tinge or colour: livid pink
3.(informal) angry or furious
Word Origin
C17: via French from Latin līvidus, from līvēre to be black and blue
Examples Then they fire up the guy, and he explodes in sheets of colored fireworksand giant livid gouts of flames.
Martinet [n]/ˌmɑːtɪˈnɛt/
Definition
1.a person who maintains strict discipline, esp in a military force
Word Origin
C17: from French, from the name of General Martinet, drillmaster underLouis XIV
Examples While not slighting the captain's martinet personality, he gives aperformance that is filled with empathetic understanding.
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