Motivate[v.]/ˈməʊtɪveɪt/

Definition

1.     to make someone feel determined to do something or enthusiasticabout doing it

2.       to make someone behave in a particular way

Roots: mot-move

Examples-emotion, remote, motive

Examples-No one knows what motivated him to act in such a violent way.

 

Graffiti[n.] /ɡrəˈfiːti/

Definition

1.      words or pictures drawn on walls in public places
2.      unauthorized writing or drawing on a public surface

Origin-Italian, plural of graffito

Roots: gr-promote

Examples- The walls of the old building are covered with graffiti.

 

Elite[n.] /ɪˈliːt/

Definition

1.a small group of people who have a lot of advantages and keep themost power and influence

2. the best or most skilful people in a group

Origin-French élite, from Old French eslite, from feminine of eslit,past participle of eslire to choose, from Latin eligere

Examples- The winners of this science award represent the elite of our high schools

 

Rigorous[adj.] /ˈrɪɡərəs/

Definition

1.      thorough and careful
2.       difficult to endure because of extreme conditions
3.      strict, or severeOrigin-

Roots: rig=rect-straight, right

Examples-We subjected the data to a rigorous analysis.

 

Enormous[adj.] /ɪˈnɔː(r)məs/

Definition

1.      very large in size or quantity
2.      marked by extraordinarily great size, number, or degree;especially :  exceeding usual bounds or accepted notions

Origin-Latin enormis, from e, ex out of + norma rule

Examples-We chose not to undertake the project because of the enormous costs involved.

 

 Capacity[n.] /kəˈpæsəti/

Definition

1.     the amount of something that can be put in a container, or the numberof people that a place has room for
2.     the amount of goods that a company can produce, or the amount ofwork it can do

Origin-Middle English capacite, from Middle French capacité, from Latin capacitat-, capacitas, from capac-, capax

 Roots: cap-head, take,

Examples-The disease causes a deterioration of breathing capacity.

 

Stamina[n.] /ˈstæmɪnə/

Definition

1.     the ability to work hard or to make a lot of effort over a long period oftime without getting tired
2.      great physical or mental strength that allows you to continue doing something for a long time

Origin-Latin, plural of stamen warp, thread of life spun by the Fates

Examples-Do you have the stamina to finish the job?

 

Marathon[n.] /ˈmærəθ(ə)n/

 Definition

1.     a race in which people run on roads over a distance of 42 kilometres orabout 26 miles
2.     an activity that takes a long time to complete and needs a lot of energyand determination

Origin-Marathon, Greece, site of a victory of Greeks over Persians in 490 b.c., the news of which was carried to Athens by a long-distance runner

Examples-We watched a marathon of our favorite movies.

 

Deprivation[n.]  /ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃ(ə)n/

Definition

1.     a situation in which people do not have basic thingsthat they need to live a comfortable life
2.       a situation in which you do not havesomething that you need or want

Roots: de-down

Examples-She eventually overcame the deprivations of her childhood.

 

Enlightenment[n.] /ɪnˈlaɪt(ə)nmənt/

Definition

1.      the process of explaining or understanding something clearly
2.      in the Buddhist religion, the highest spiritual state that you canachieve

Roots: en(in-): in , upon

Examples-His comments failed to provide enlightenment.

 

Cross-section[n.]

Definition

1.     the inside of an object that you can seeby cutting through the middle of it from top to bottom
2.       a group that contains an example of all or most types ofpeople or things

Examples-The people in our neighborhood are a representative cross section of American society.

 

Imperceptibly

Definition
1.     something imperceptible is so slight or small that it is very difficult tonotice
2.       not perceptible by a sense or by the mind :  extremely slight, gradual, or subtle

Origin-Middle English, from Middle French, from Medieval Latinimperceptibilis, from Latin in- + Late Latin perceptibilisperceptible

Roots: im-in , upon

Examples-These changes will be imperceptible to most people.

 

Initially[adv.] /ɪˈnɪʃ(ə)li/

Definition

1.      at the beginning
2.      occurring at the beginning of something

Origin- Anglo-French & Latin; Anglo-French iniciel, from Latininitialis, from initium beginning, from inire to go into, fromin- + ire to go

Examples- You've resolved my initial complaint, but now I have a new question

 

Stride[n.]/straɪd/

Definition

1.      a long confident step
2.       to move with or as if with long steps

Origin-Middle English, from Old English strīdan; akin to Middle Low German striden to straddle, Old High German strītan to quarrel

Examples- A gang of armed men strode into the bank and approached the teller

 

Spurt[n.]/spɜː(r)t/

Definition

1.      a sudden strong flow of a liquid
2.      a sudden increase in something, for example speed or development

Origin- perhaps akin to Middle High German spürzen to spit, Old English -sprūtan to sprout

Examples-The standard of his work has improved in spurts.

 

Sprint[n.]

Definition

1.      a short race at a fast speed
2.      a sudden short period of speed, energy, or activity

Origin-Middle English (Scots) sprenten to spring, leap, of Scandinavian origin; akin to Swedish dialect sprinta to jump, hop; akin to Old High German sprinzan to jump up

Examples- He bicycle racers sprinted for the finish line.

 

Glycogen[n.] /ˈɡlaɪkədʒən/

Definition

1.      a form of glucose that is found especially in the liver and muscles

Root: glyc(o)- sweet, sweetness

Examples- The formation or synthesis of glycogen.

 

Horizontal[adj.] /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒnt(ə)l/

Definition

1.straight and parallel to the ground

2. BUSINESS on the same level

Examples- The frames are secured by horizontal rails to the back wall.

 

Irrelevant [adj.]/ɪˈreləvənt/

Definition

1.      not important or not relevant to what you are discussing or doing
2.       not relevant

Roots: ir-not

Examples-His comment is completely irrelevant.

 

Cadet[n.]/kəˈdet/

Definition

1.      a young person who is training to be a police officer or military officer
2.       a younger branch of a family or a member of it

Origin-French, from Gascon capdet chief, from Late Latincapitellum, diminutive of Latin capit-, caput head

Examples-The hooker claims she turned all her dough in to her cadet last night

 

Cynical[adj.]/ˈsɪnɪk(ə)l/

Definition

1.     someone who is cynical believes that people care only aboutthemselves and are not sincere or honest
2.      someone who is cynical expects things not to be successful or useful

Origin- cynic: Middle French or Latin, Middle French cynique, from Latincynicus, from Greek kynikos, literally, like a dog, from kyn-, kyōn dog

Roots: cyn-dog

Examples-Some people regard the governor's visit to the hospital as a cynical attempt to win votes.

 

Barges[n.] /bɑː(r)dʒ/

Definition

1.      a long flat boat used on rivers and canals
2.       a large motorboat supplied to the flag officer of a flagship

Origin-Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin barca

First Known Use: 14th century

Examples-The load capacity of this barge.

 

Acquaintance[n.]/əˈkweɪntəns/

Definition

1.      someone you know a little, who is not a close friend
2.     [UNCOUNTABLE]FORMAL knowledge or experience of aperson or subject
Origin- acquaint:Middle English, from Anglo-French acuinter, aquaynter,from Old French acoins familiar, from Latin accognitus, past participle of accognoscere to recognize, from ad- +cognoscere to know

Roots: ance- of quality

Examples-She ran into an old acquaintance at the grocery store.

 

Assumption[n.]/əˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n/

Definition

1.     something that you consider likely to be true eventhough no one has told you directly or even though you have no proof
2.     [UNCOUNTABLE] a process in which you begin to use your power orstatus, or begin to be responsible for somethingOrigin-Middle English, from Late Latin assumption-, assumptiotaking up, from Latin assumere

Roots: sum-take

Examples-Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.

 

Sumptuous[adj.]/ˈsʌmptʃuəs/

Definition

1.      impressive, expensive, and of high qualityOrigin-Middle English, from Latin sumptuosus, from sumptus

Roots: sum-to take

Examples- The cruise ship claims to offer sumptuous furnishings, exquisitely prepared cuisine, and stellar entertainment