試譯《孟子‧梁惠王上》

A Trial Translation of "The First Part of King Hui of Liang" of "Mencius"

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孟子見梁惠王。

(孟子拜見梁惠王。)

Mencius(孟子) visited King Hui of Liang(梁惠王).

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王曰：「叟！不遠千里而來，亦將有以利吾國乎？」

(梁惠王說：「老先生！您走了千里之遠而來到我國，有些什麼(言語、策略、想法等)可以利於我國呢？」)

King Hui of Liang said: "Old man! You have traveled thousands of miles to come to our country, what (words, strategies, ideas, etc.) can be beneficial to our country?"

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孟子對曰：「王何必曰利？亦有仁義而已矣。

(孟子回答梁惠王說：「大王為什麼一定要談『利』呢？我所主張的只有『仁義』罷了。」)

Mencius replied to King Hui of Liang: "Why do you want to talk about "benefit"? All I advocate is "benevolence and righteousness."

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王曰：『何以利吾國？』大夫曰：『何以利吾家？』

(假如大王總是說「(這事物)對我的國家有什麼利益呢？」，那麼，大夫(Daifu)也將會說：「(這事物)對我的家有什麼利益呢？」)

If the king always said, "What is the benefit of (this thing) to my country?", then the Daifu(大夫，a kind of ancient official title) will also say: "What is the benefit of (this thing) to my country?")

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士庶人曰：『何以利吾身？』

(像這樣，讀書人與平民百姓也會問：「這事物對於我個人有什麼利益呢？」)

In this way, scholars and ordinary people will also ask: "What benefit does this thing have for me?"

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上下交征利，而國危矣。

(那麼，整個國家，從在上位者到居於下位者，全都追求有利於己；那麼這個國家就危險了。)

Then, the whole country, from those in the upper ranks to the lower ones, is all about the pursuit of profit;Then this country is dangerous.

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......苟為後義而先利，不奪不饜。

......假如一個國家把「義」的優先順序放在「利」的後面，那這個國家的人們，(見到他人擁有自己想要的事物)，不搶奪過來是不會滿足的。

......If a country puts the priority of "righteousness" behind "profit", then people in this country, (seeing that others have what they want), will not be satisfied if they dont grab it.

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未有仁而遺其親者也，未有義而後其君者也。

(沒有人會一邊實踐「仁」卻一邊拋棄自己親人的；同樣，也沒有人會一邊實踐「義」卻又怠慢自己的君主。)

No one will practice "benevolence" while abandoning their relatives; similarly, no one will practice "righteousness" while neglecting their own monarch.

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王亦曰仁義而已矣，何必曰利！」

所以，大王您只要重視仁、義，就是掌握了治國的根本之道，又何必再常唸著利益呢？」

Therefore, as long as you pay attention to benevolence and righteousness, Majesty, you have mastered the fundamental way of governing the country. Why should you talk about interests more often?"

(翻譯工具：Google翻譯)