Animal Farm
Quotes:
1. no animal must ever tyrannise over his own kind.
2. No animal must ever kill any other animal. All animals
are equal.
Outline:
1.Napoleon, quicker in speech and more inventive, but was not considered to have the same depth of
character.
2.Major the pig is the wave maker, Squealer the pig is a lobbyist, Napoleon the pig is a dictator, Snowball the pig is a speculator, They dupe all the animals in the farm for the commandments: All animals are equal.
Moses the raven is the spy and a tale−bearer who block the animals to believe the commandments.
3. this sudden uprising of creatures whom Jones the owner and the other four workers were used to thrashing and maltreating just as they chose, frightened them almost out of their wits. After only a moment or two, they gave up trying to defend themselves and took to their heels. A minute later all five of them were in full flight down the cart−track that led to the main road
4. Boxer and Clover the running dogs. These two had great difficulty in thinking anything out for themselves, but having once accepted the pigs as their teachers,
they absorbed everything that they were told, and passed it on to the other animals by simple arguments. They were unfailing in their attendance at the secret meetings
5. The animals made a tour of inspection of the
whole farm and surveyed with speechless admiration the ploughland, Mollie
had taken a piece of blue ribbon from Mrs. Joness dressing−table, and was
holding it against her shoulder and admiring herself in the glass in a very foolish manner. The others reproached her sharply. A unanimous resolution was passed on the spot that the farmhouse should be preserved as a museum. All were agreed that no animal must ever live there.
5. THE SEVEN COMMANDMENTS
(1. )Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
(2.) Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.
(3.) No animal shall wear clothes.
(4.) No animal shall sleep in a bed.
(5.) No animal shall drink alcohol.
(6.) No animal shall kill any other animal.
(7.) All animals are equal.
6. Napoleon convince that all the harvest is enough for all the animals and let the snowball take care of his command. The pigs did not actually work, but directed
and supervised the others. With their superior knowledge it was natural that they should assume the leadership. Boxer and Clover will harness themselves to the cutter or the horse-rake and tramp around the field.
7.Everyone worked according to his capacity, nobody stole, nobody grumbled over his rations, the quarrelling and biting and jealousy which had been normal features of life in the old days had almost disappeared.
8. Molly the cat never shows up at work but at the meal time. She always had excellent excuses
9. Old Benjamin, the donkey, seemed quite unchanged since the
Rebellion. He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Joness time, never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. About the Rebellion and its results he would express no opinion. When asked whether he was not happier now that Jones was gone, he would say
only "Donkeys live a long time. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey," and the others had to be content with this cryptic answer.
10. Snowball and Napoleon were by far the most active in the debates. But it was noticed
that these two were never in agreement. There was a stormy debate over the correct retiring age for each class of animal. The Meeting always ended
with the singing of Beasts of England.
1. Snowball also busied himself with organising the other animals into what he called Animal Committees. He was indefatigable at this. He formed the Egg Production Committee for the hens, the Clean Tails League for the cows, the Wild Comrades Re−education Committee for the rats and rabbits, the Whiter Wool Movement for the sheep, and various others, besides instituting classes in reading and writing. On the whole, these projects were a failure. The attempt to tame the wild creatures, for instance, broke down almost immediately. They continued to behave very much as before, and when treated with generosity, simply took advantage of it. The cat joined the Re−education Committee and was very active in it for some days. She was seen one day sitting on a roof and talking to some sparrows who were just out of her reach. She was telling them that all animals were now comrades.(Snowball is busy with the Committees to tame all different animals. Most are failed, or they will be tamed temporily)
2. The reading and writing classes, however, were a great success.
3. Napoleon took no interest in Snowballs committees. He believed that the education of the young was more important than anything that could be done for those who were already grown up.
4. Pigs are brainworkers, in a spirit of selfishness and privilege they don’t like milk and apple, but the are trained to like them by Squealer’s persuading that milk and apple are healthy. This was proved by the science study.
5. Every day Snowball and Napoleon sent out flights of pigeons whose instructions were to mingle with the animals on neighbouring farms, tell them the story of the Rebellion, and teach them the tune of Beasts of England.
Most of this time Mr. Jones had spent sitting in the taproom of the Red Lion at Willingdon complaining to anyone who would listen of the monstrous injustice he had suffered in being turned out of his property by a pack of good−for−nothing animals. It was lucky that the
owners of the two farms which adjoined Animal Farm were on permanently bad terms.
16.Two farms which adjoined Animal Farm were on permanently bad terms. One of them,which was named Foxwood, was a large, neglected, old−fashioned farm, much overgrown by woodland, with all its pastures worn out and its hedges in a disgraceful condition. Its owner, Mr.Pilkington, was an easy−going gentleman farmer who spent most of his time in fishing or hunting.
The other farm, which was called Pinchfield, was smaller and better kept. Its
owner was a Mr. Frederick, a tough, shrewd man, perpetually involved in lawsuits and with a name for driving hard bargains. These two disliked each other so much that it was difficult for them to come to any agreement, even in defence of their own interests.
17.This was what came of rebelling against the laws of Nature, Frederick and Pilkington said. However, these stories were never fully believed. Rumours of a wonderful farm, where the human beings had been turned out and the animals managed their own affairs, continued to circulate in vague and distorted forms.
18. Jones and all his men, with half a dozen others from Foxwood and Pinchfield, had entered the farm. They were all carrying sticks, except Jones, who was marching ahead with a gun in his hands. Obviously they were going to attempt the recapture of the farm. All the animals turned and fled through
19. Mr. Joness gun had been found lying in the mud, and it was known that there was a supply of cartridges in the farmhouse.
20.Molly tried to flirt one of Mr. Pilkingtons men
21. Within a few weeks Snowballs plans for the windmill were fully worked out. Only Napoleon held aloof. He had declared himself against the windmill from the start. The whole farm was deeply divided on the subject of the windmill. The animals formed themselves into two factions under the slogan, "Vote for Snowball and the
three−day week" and "Vote for Napoleon and the full manger." Benjamin was the only animal who did not side with either faction. He refused to believe either that food would become more plentiful
or that the windmill would save work. Windmill or no windmill, he said, life would go on as it had.
22. Apart from the disputes over the windmill, there was the question of the defence of the farm. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed theymight make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. Jones. They
had all the more reason for doing so because the news of their defeat had spread across the countryside and made the animals on the neighbouring farms more restive than ever. As usual, Snowball and Napoleon were in disagreement. According to Napoleon, what the animals must do was to procure firearms and train themselves in the use of them. According to Snowball, they must send out more and more pigeons and stir up rebellion among the animals on the other farms. The one
argued that if they could not defend themselves they were bound to be conquered, the other argued that if rebellions happened everywhere they would have no need to defend themselves. The animals listened first to Napoleon, then to Snowball, and could not make up their minds which was right; indeed, they always found themselves in agreement with the one who was speaking at the moment.
At last the day came when Snowballs plans were completed. At the Meeting on the following Sunday the question of whether or not to begin work on the windmill was to be put to the vote.
23. Before the vote, the puppies whom Napoleon had reared privately and shun away Snowball’s expulsion.Sunday−morning Meetings would presided over by himself.
24. Squealer was sent round the farm to explain the new arrangement to the others.” Bravery is not enough," said Squealer. "Loyalty and obedience are more important.”
25. A special committee of pigs had been at work upon them for the past three weeks. The building of the windmill, with various other improvements, was expected to take two years. That evening Squealer explained privately to the other animals that Napoleon had never in reality been opposed to the windmill. On the contrary, it was he who had advocated it in the beginning, and the plan which Snowball had drawn on the floor of the incubator shed had actually been stolen from
among Napoleons papers. The windmill was, in fact, Napoleons own creation.
26. Squealer looked very sly. That, he said, was Comrade Napoleons cunning. He had seemed to oppose the windmill, simply as a manoeuvre to get rid of Snowball, who was a dangerous character and a bad influence. Now that Snowball was out of
the way, the plan could go forward without his interference. This, said Squealer, was something called tactics.
27. ALL that year the animals worked like slaves. But they were happy in their work; they grudged no effort or sacrifice, well aware that everything that they did was for the benefit of themselves
28. it was always Boxer who strained himself against the rope and brought the boulder to a stop. To see him toiling up the slope inch by inch, his breath coming fast, the tips of his hoofs clawing at the ground, and his great sides matted with sweat, filled everyone with admiration. Clover warned him sometimes to be careful not to overstrain himself, but Boxer would never listen to her. His two slogans, "I will work harder" and "Napoleon is always right," seemed to him a sufficient answer to all problems.
29. They had no more food than they had had in Joness day, at least they did not have less. The advantage of only having to feed themselves, and not having to support five extravagant human beings as well
30 From now onwards Animal Farm would engage in trade with the neighbouring farms
31. Once again the animals were conscious of a vague uneasiness. Never to have any dealings with human beings, never to engage in trade, never to make use of money−had not these been among the
earliest resolutions passed at that first triumphant Meeting after Jones was expelled? All the animals remembered passing such resolutions: or at least they thought that they remembered it. The four pigs who had protested when Napoleon abolished the Meetings raised their voices timidly, but they were promptly silenced by a tremendous growling from the dogs.
they were promptly silenced by a tremendous growling from the dogs. Then, as usual, the sheep
broke into "Four legs good, two legs bad!" and the momentary awkwardness was smoothed over.
32. Finally Napoleon raised his trotter for silence and announced that he had already made all the arrangements. There would be no need for any of the animals to come in contact with human beings, which would clearly be most undesirable. He intended to take the whole burden upon his own shoulders.
33. They had begun to call Animal Farm by its proper name and ceased to pretend that it was called the Manor Farm. They had also dropped their championship of Jones, who had given up hope of getting his farm back and gone to live in another part of the county. Except through Whymper, there was as yet no contact between Animal Farm and the outside world, but there were constant rumours that
Napoleon was about to enter into a definite business agreement either with Mr. Pilkington of Foxwood or with Mr. Frederick of Pinchfield−but never, it was noticed, with both simultaneously.
It was about this time that the pigs suddenly moved into the farmhouse and took up their residence there. Again the animals seemed to remember that a resolution against this had been passed in the early days, and again Squealer was able to convince them that this was not the case. It was absolutely necessary, he said, that the pigs, who were the brains of the farm, should have a quiet place to work
in. It was also more suited to the dignity of the Leader (for of late he had taken to speaking of Napoleon under the title of "Leader") to live in a house than in a mere sty. Nevertheless, some of the animals were disturbed when they heard that the pigs not only took their meals in the kitchen and used the drawing−room as a recreation room, but also slept in the beds. Boxer passed it off as usual with "Napoleon is always right!", but Clover, who thought she remembered a definite ruling against
beds, went to the end of the barn and tried to puzzle out the Seven Commandments which were inscribed there. Finding herself unable to read more than individual letters, she fetched Muriel."Muriel," she said, "read me the Fourth Commandment. Does it not say something about never sleeping in a bed?" With some difficulty Muriel spelt it out.
33. The animals were shocked beyond measure to learn that even Snowball could be guilty of such an action. There was a cry of indignation, and everyone began thinking out ways of catching Snowball if he should ever come back.
34. The animals carried on as best they could with the
rebuilding of the windmill, well knowing that the outside world was watching them and that the envious human beings would rejoice and triumph if the mill were not finished on time.
35. Only Boxer and Clover never lost heart. Squealer made excellent speeches on the joy of service and the dignity of labour, it was discovered that the greater part of the potato crop had been frosted in the clamps
36. Whymper was led through the store−shed and allowed to catch a glimpse of the bins. He was deceived, and continued to report to the outside world that there was no food shortage on Animal
37. Squealer announced that the hens, who had just come in to lay again, must
surrender their eggs. Napoleon had accepted, through Whymper, a contract for four hundred eggs a week. The price of these would pay for enough grain and meal to keep the farm going till summer on and conditions were easier.
When the hens heard this, they raised a terrible outcry. They had been warned earlier that this sacrifice might be necessary, but had not believed that it would really happen. They were just getting their clutches ready for the spring sitting, and they protested that to take the eggs away now was murder. For the first time since the expulsion of Jones, there was something resembling a rebellion.
Led by three young Black Minorca pullets, the hens made a determined effort to thwart Napoleons wishes. Their method was to fly up to the rafters and there lay their eggs, which smashed to pieces on the floor. Napoleon acted swiftly and ruthlessly. He ordered the hens rations to be stopped, and decreed that any animal giving so much as a grain of corn to a hen should be punished by death. The
dogs saw to it that these orders were carried out. For five days the hens held out, then they capitulated and went back to their nesting boxes. Nine hens had died in the meantime. Their bodies were buried in the orchard, and it was given out that they had died of coccidiosis.
Farm.
37. All this while no more had been seen of Snowball. He was rumoured to be hiding on one of the neighbouring farms, either Foxwood or Pinchfield. Napoleon was by this time on slightly better terms with the other farmers than before. It happened that there was in the yard a pile of timber which had been stacked there ten years earlier when a beech spinney was cleared. It was well seasoned, and Whymper had advised Napoleon to sell it; both Mr. Pilkington and Mr. Frederick were anxious to
buy it. Napoleon was hesitating between the two, unable to make up his mind. It was noticed that whenever he seemed on the point of coming to an agreement with Frederick, Snowball was declared to be in hiding at Foxwood, while, when he inclined toward Pilkington, Snowball was said to be at
Pinchfield. Suddenly, early in the spring, an alarming thing was discovered. Snowball was secretly frequenting the farm by night! The animals were so disturbed that they could hardly sleep in their stalls. Every night, it was said, he came creeping in under cover of darkness and performed all kinds of mischief. He stole the corn, he upset the milk−pails, he broke the eggs, he trampled the seedbeds, he gnawed
38. Whenever anything went wrong it became usual to attribute it to
Snowball. Snowball were some kind of invisible influence, pervading the air about them and menacing them with all kinds of dangers.
39. The four pigs confessed that they had been secretly in touch with Snowball ever since his expulsion, that they had collaborated with him in destroying the windmill, and that they had entered into an agreement with him to hand over Animal Farm to Mr. Frederick. They added that Snowball had privately admitted to them that he had been Joness secret agent for years past. When they had finished their confession, the dogs promptly tore their throats out, and in a terrible voice Napoleon demanded
whether any other animal had anything to confess. The three hens who had been the ringleaders in the attempted rebellion. Napoleons orders. They, too, were slaughtered. Then a goose came forward and confessed to having
secreted six ears of corn during the last years harvest and eaten them in the night. Then a sheep confessed to having urinated in the drinking pool−urged to do this, so she said, by Snowball−and two other sheep confessed to having murdered an old ram, an especially devoted follower of Napoleon, by chasing him round and round a bonfire when he was suffering from a cough. They were all slain on the spot. And so the tale of confessions and executions went on, until there was a pile of corpses
lying before Napoleons feet and the air was heavy with the smell of blood
40. As Clover looked down the hillside her eyes filled with tears. If she could have spoken her thoughts, it would have been to say that this was not what they had aimed at when they had set themselves years ago to work for the overthrow of the human race. As Clover looked down the hillside her eyes filled with tears. If she could have spoken her thoughts, it would have been to say that this was not what they had aimed at when they had set themselves years ago to work for the overthrow of the human race. He announced that, by a special decree of
Comrade Napoleon, Beasts of England had been abolished.
41. So Beasts of England was heard no more. In its place Minimus, the poet, had composed another song
which began:
Animal Farm, Animal Farm,
Never through me shalt thou come to harm!
42. A FEW days later, when the terror caused by the executions had died down, some of the animals remembered−or thought they remembered−that the Sixth Commandment decreed "No animal shall kill any other animal. All the truth hid behind terror, only the flattery left.
43. Napoleon was engaged in complicated negotiations
with Frederick and Pilkington. The pile of timber was still unsold. Of the two, Frederick was the more anxious to get hold of it, but he would not offer a reasonable price. At the same time there were renewed rumours that Frederick and his men were plotting to attack Animal Farm and to destroy the windmill, the building of which had aroused furious jealousy in him. Snowball was known to be still
skulking on Pinchfield Farm. In the middle of the summer the animals were alarmed to hear that three hens had come forward and confessed that, inspired by Snowball, they had entered into a plot to murder Napoleon. They were executed immediately, and fresh precautions for Napoleons safety were taken. Four dogs guarded his bed at night, one at each corner, and a young pig named Pinkeye was given the task of tasting all his food before he ate it, lest it should be poisoned.
44. In the autumn, the windmill was finished. The machinery had still to be installed, and Whymper was negotiating the purchase of it, but the structure was completed. In the teeth of every difficulty, in spite of inexperience, of primitive implements, of bad luck and of Snowballs treachery, the work had been finished punctually to the very day! Tired out but proud, the animals walked round and round their masterpiece, which appeared even more beautiful in their eyes than when it had been built the first time. Moreover, the walls were twice as thick as before. Nothing short of explosives would lay them low this time! And when they thought of how they had laboured, what discouragements they had overcome, and the enormous difference that would be made in their lives when the sails were
turning and the dynamos running−when they thought of all this, their tiredness forsook them and they gambolled round and round the windmill, uttering cries of triumph. Napoleon himself, attended by his dogs and his cockerel, came down to inspect the completed work; he personally congratulated the
animals on their achievement, and announced that the mill would be named Napoleon Mill.
45. All relations with Foxwood had been broken off; insulting messages had been sent to Pilkington. The pigeons had been told to avoid Pinchfield Farm and to alter their slogan from "Death to Frederick" to "Death to Pilkington." At the same time Napoleon assured the animals that the stories of an impending attack on Animal Farm were completely untrue, and that the tales about Fredericks
cruelty to his own animals had been greatly exaggerated. All these rumours had probably originated with Snowball and his agents. It now appeared that Snowball was not, after all, hiding on Pinchfield Farm, and in fact had never been there in his life: he was living−in considerable luxury, so it was said−at Foxwood, and had in reality been a pensioner of Pilkington for years past. The pigs were in ecstasies over Napoleons cunning. By seeming to be friendly with Pilkington he had forced Frederick to raise his price by twelve pounds. But the superior quality of Napoleons
mind, said Squealer, was shown in the fact that he trusted nobody, not even Frederick. Frederick had wanted to pay for the timber with something called a cheque, which, it seemed, was a piece of paper(Napoleon plays all the roles to excute his traitor)
46. with a promise to pay written upon it. But Napoleon was too clever for him. He had demanded payment in real five−pound notes, which were to be handed over before the timber was removed. Already Frederick had paid up; and the sum he had paid was just enough to buy the machinery for the windmill.
Meanwhile the timber was being carted away at high speed. When it was all gone, another special meeting was held in the barn for the animals to inspect Fredericks bank−notes. Smiling beatifically, and wearing both his decorations, Napoleon reposed on a bed of straw on the platform, with the money at his side, neatly piled on a china dish from the farmhouse kitchen. The animals filed slowly
past, and each gazed his fill. And Boxer put out his nose to sniff at the bank−notes, and the flimsy white things stirred and rustled in his breath.
Three days later there was a terrible hullabaloo. Whymper, his face deadly pale, came racing up the path on his bicycle, flung it down in the yard and rushed straight into the farmhouse. The next moment a choking roar of rage sounded from Napoleons apartments. The news of what had happened sped round the farm like wildfire. The banknotes were forgeries! Frederick had got the timber for nothing!( Napoleon did the business with unfaithful attitude)
47. Napoleon called the animals together immediately and in a terrible voice pronounced the death sentence upon Frederick. When captured, he said, Frederick should be boiled alive. At the same time he warned them that after this treacherous deed the worst was to be expected. Frederick and his men might make their long−expected attack at any moment. Sentinels were placed at all the approaches to
the farm. In addition, four pigeons were sent to Foxwood with a conciliatory message, which it was hoped might re−establish good relations with Pilkington.
The very next morning the attack came. The animals were at breakfast when the look−outs came racing in with the news that Frederick and his followers had already come through the five−barred gate. Boldly enough the animals sallied forth to meet them, but this time they did not have the easy victory that they had had in the Battle of the Cowshed. There were fifteen men, with half a dozen guns between them, and they opened fire as soon as they got within fifty yards. The animals could
not face the terrible explosions and the stinging pellets, and in spite of the efforts of Napoleon and Boxer to rally them, they were soon driven back. A number of them were already wounded. They took refuge in the farm buildings and peeped cautiously out from chinks and knot−holes. The whole of the big pasture, including the windmill, was in the hands of the enemy. For the moment even Napoleon seemed at a loss. He paced up and down without a word, his tail rigid and twitching.
Wistful glances were sent in the direction of Foxwood. If Pilkington and his men would help them, the day might yet be won. But at this moment the four pigeons, who had been sent out on the day before, returned, one of them bearing a scrap of paper from Pilkington. (Napoleon’s unfair deal and life boil the dealer Frederick whose followers fight back and take over windmill)
47.They are drowned in the rage against this vile. They plan to destroy the windmill.
Napoleon, who was directing operations from the rear, the cowardly enemy was running for dear life.
48. They had won, but they were weary and bleeding. Slowly they began to limp back towards the farm. The sight of their dead comrades stretched upon the grass moved some of them to tears. And for a little while they halted in sorrowful silence at the place where the windmill had once stood. Yes, it was gone; almost the last trace of their labour was gone! Even the foundations were partially
destroyed. And in rebuilding it they could not this time, as before, make use of the fallen stones. This time the stones had vanished too. The force of the explosion had flung them to distances of hundreds of yards. It was as though the windmill had never been. As they approached the farm Squealer, who had unaccountably been absent during the fighting, came skipping towards them, whisking his tail and beaming with satisfaction. And the animals heard, from the direction of the farm buildings, the solemn booming of a gun. "What is that gun firing for?" said Boxer.
"To celebrate our victory!" cried Squealer.(When they won with fatigue and broken windmill, the traitor Squealer came back to celebrate his victory without any effort)
49. The animals slain in the battle were given a solemn funeral.
50. Mr. Johns appear in the farmhouse then disappeared, Squealer announced that Napoleon is going to die. Later it was learned that Napoleon had instructed Whymper to purchase in Willingdon some booklets on brewing and distilling. A week later Napoleon gave orders that the small paddock beyond the orchard, which it had previously been intended to set aside as grazing−ground for animals who were past work, was to be ploughed up. It was given out that the pasture was exhausted and needed re−seeding; but it soon became known that Napoleon intended to
sow it with barley.
51. But a few days later Muriel, reading over the Seven Commandments to herself, noticed that there was yet another of them which the animals had remembered wrong. They had thought the Fifth Commandment was "No animal shall drink alcohol," but there were two words that they had
forgotten. Actually the Commandment read: "No animal shall drink alcohol to excess."(the commandment is ascribed by dictator)
-The animals were enormously relieved to hear this. And when Squealer went on to give further graphic details of Boxers death−bed, the admirable care he had received, and the expensive medicines for which Napoleon had paid without a thought as to the cost, their last doubts disappeared and the sorrow that they felt for their comrades death was tempered by the thought that at least he
had died happy. Napoleon himself appeared at the meeting on the following Sunday morning and pronounced a short oration in Boxers honour. It had not been possible, he said, to bring back their lamented comrades remains for interment on the farm, but he had ordered a large wreath to be made from the laurels in the farmhouse garden and sent down to be placed on Boxers grave. And in a few days time the pigs to hold a memorial banquet in Boxers honour. Napoleon ended his speech with a reminder of Boxers two favourite maxims, "I will work harder"
-Squealer was never tired of explaining, endless work in the supervision and organisation of the farm. Much of this work was of a kind that the other animals were too ignorant to understand. For example, Squealer told them that the pigs had to expend enormous labours every day upon mysterious things called "files," "reports," "minutes," and "memoranda." These were large sheets of
paper which had to be closely covered with writing, and as soon as they were so covered, they were burnt in the furnace. This was of the highest importance for the welfare of the farm, Squealer said.
-they saw what Clover had seen.It was a pig walking on his hind legs.
Yes, it was Squealer.
-Mr. Pilkington, of Foxwood, had stood up, his mug in his hand. It was a source of great satisfaction to himto feel that a long period of mistrust and misunderstanding had now come to an end.
-the name "Animal Farm" had beenabolished. Henceforward the farm was to be known as "The Manor Farm"
-The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from
pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
Conclusion:
1. We try so hard not to live in other’s sugarcandymountain and build our own windmill. But who knows when the wind will come?
The wisest Jews in the world, they have endured the suffering of national subjugation, scattered around, and suffered persecution, but they will always stand firm. Moreover, they are like natural money printing machines and coin minters. No matter where they go, they can create money. A lot of wealth...
2.The wisest Jews in the world, they have endured the suffering of national subjugation, scattered around, and suffered persecution, but they will always stand firm. Moreover, they are like natural money printing machines and coin minters. No matter where they go, they can create money. A lot of wealth...
This is the miraculous discovery of the Jews - the "78/22 rule." Jews believe that the "78/22 rule" is the great law of the universe, which has shown a stable and harmonious continuous effect in human society.
3.It’s a similar situation happened in Taiwan, we all disputes over the safety of Taiwan. Some agree to procure firearms, some disagree to provoke the war.
4. tactics is an art for politic that they use skill to take over other’s hardship
“Tactics mean do what you can with what you have-Saul Alinsky”
6. What they do is against the 7 commandment, Napoleon started to work with human-beings, they also slept in the humanbeing’s beds, they took over the food. Boxer, Clover and Squealer keep worship Napoleon and ignore the shorten of the food, the hen became the scapegoats to bear eggs, if they refuse will get killed, and with the excuse of concciciosis. If Napoleon tried to do the business with human-beings. Who will not cooperate with Napoleon, during the night, Snowball the spooky spy will do the destroy job against enemy. Some play the role of dictator, some play the role as blind follower, some play the role as lobbyist, some play as traitor,some play the role as executioner. Who will play the role as peacemaker?
7. Snowball used to be Napoleon’s agent, and turns out as a traitor, no one attribute him for his credit. After all the confession, all the traitors got killed.
8. After execution, comes more fliration and execution.
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Plot Summary
Manor Farm is a small farm in England run by the harsh and often drunk Mr. Jones. One night, an old pig named Old Major gathers all the animals of Manor Farm together. Knowing that he will soon die, Old Major gives a speech in which he reveals to the animals that men cause all the misery that animals endure. Old Major says that all animals are equal and urges them to join together to rebel. He teaches them a revolutionary song called "Beasts of England." Old Major dies soon after, but two pigs named Snowball and Napoleon adapt his ideas into the philosophy of Animalism. Three months later, the animals defeat Jones in an unplanned uprising. The farm is renamed "Animal Farm." The ingenuity of the pigs, the immense strength of a horse named Boxer, and the absence of parasitical humans makes Animal Farm prosperous. The animals post the Seven Commandments of Animalism on the side of the barn. The commandments state that all animals are equal and no animal may act like a human by sleeping in a bed, walking on two legs, killing other animals, drinking alcohol, and so on.
A fight for power soon develops between the two pigs Snowball and Napoleon. The rivalry comes to a head over Snowballs idea to build a windmill. At the final debate about the windmill, Napoleon summons dogs he has secretly reared to be his own vicious servants and has them chase Snowball from Animal Farm. Napoleon tells the other animals that Snowball was a "bad influence," eliminates the animals right to vote, and takes "the burden" of leadership on himself. He sends around a pig named Squealer, who persuades the animals that Napoleon has their best interests at heart. Three weeks later Napoleon decides they should build the windmill after all. The animals set to work, with Boxer leading. Focusing on the windmill reduces the productivity of the farm, and all the animals but the pigs get less to eat. The pigs begin to trade with other farms, move into Mr. Joness farmhouse, and start to sleep in beds. This confuses the animals who considered this forbidden behavior. But when they check the Commandment about beds, it reads: "No animal shall sleep in a bed with sheets." Over the next few years, Animal Farm battles with its human neighbors.
The windmill gets destroyed first by a storm and then by a human attack. Napoleon blames all catastrophes on the "traitor" Snowball, and uses fear tactics, information control, and deadly purges of anyone he considers an enemy to strengthen his power over the farm. Meanwhile, the pigs secretly continue to rewrite the Commandments and all of Animal Farms history to support their lies. They give the animals less food and demand more work, while eating more and working less themselves. The other animals, duped by the pigs misinformation, continue to consider themselves part of a great revolution. When Boxer, the most devoted worker on the farm, is no longer able to work, the pigs sell him to a glue factory and use the proceeds to buy whiskey. Years pass. Now only a few of the remaining animals on the farm experienced the revolution. Even fewer remember its goals. The pigs teach themselves to walk on two legs and begin carrying whips. When the animals look at the Seven Commandments, they have been replaced by the statement: "All animals are equal. But some animals are more equal than others." The pigs make peace with their human neighbors and have a feast. The other animals are shocked to discover that they can no longer tell the pigs from the humans.
THEMES
George Orwell once wrote: "Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been … against totalitarianism." Animal Farm is no exception. Totalitarianism is a form of government in which the state seeks to control every facet of life, from economics and politics to the each individuals ideas and beliefs. Different totalitarian states have different justifications for their rule. For instance, Mr. Jones runs Manor Farm based on the idea that human domination of animals is the natural order of things, while Napoleon and the pigs run Animal Farm with the claim that they are fighting for animals against evil humans. Orwells underlying point is that the stated goals of totalitarianism dont matter because all totalitarian regimes are fundamentally the same. Every type of totalitarianism, whether communist, fascist, or capitalist, is founded on oppression of the individual and the lower class. Those who hold power in totalitarian regimes care only about one thing: maintaining their power by any means necessary.
While the story of Napoleons rise to power is most explicitly a condemnation of totalitarianism in the Soviet Union, Orwell intends Animal Farm to criticize all totalitarian regimes.
REVOLUTION AND CORRUPTION
Animal Farm depicts a revolution in progress. Old Major gives the animals a new perspective on their situation under Mr. Jones, which leads them to envision a better future free of human exploitation. The revolution in Animal Farm, like all popular revolutions, arises out of a hope for a better future. At the time of the revolution, even the pigs are excited by and committed to the idea of universal animal equality. So what undermines the animals revolution and transforms it into a totalitarian nightmare? Animal Farm shows how the high ideals that fuel revolutions gradually give way to individual and class self-interest.
CLASS WARFARE
One of the main tenets of Animalism is that all animals are equal. But quite quickly the pigs begin to refer to themselves as "mindworkers" to distinguish themselves from the other animals, who are physical laborers. Over time, this sense of separation takes hold: the pigs begin to discourage their children from playing with the children of the other animals, and then establish themselves as absolute rulers of the "lesser" menial laborers. Animal Farm shows how differences in education and occupation lead to the development of class, which leads inevitably to class warfare, in which one class seeks to dominate the other. Animal Farm suggests that the "mindworking" class will almost always prevail in this struggle. Animal Farm doesnt just focus on the upper classes, however. In fact, it focuses more closely on the oppressed working class. The farm animals work so hard that they have no time to learn or educate themselves or think deeply about their world. Instead, theyre taught that work is their contribution to society, their way to freedom. Boxer believes that "I will work harder" is the answer to every problem, though he never perceives that the pigs exploit his effort. Benjamin occupies the other extreme: he recognizes whats going on, but his cynicism stops him from taking action against the pigs. In the end, Animal Farm implies that whether because of ignorance, inaction, or fear, the working class allows itself to be dominated by the "mindworkers."
LANGUAGE AS POWER
Animal Farm shows how the minority in power uses vague language, propaganda, and misinformation to control the thoughts and beliefs of the majority in the lower classes. The pigs, especially Squealer, become extremely sophisticated and effective in their attempts to rewrite the rules of Animal Farm and Animalism. They even revise the farms entire history in order to mislead the other animals into believing exactly what they say. By the end of the novel, the animals on the farm believe Snowball fought against them at the Battle of the Cowshed even though they saw him fight with them. They believe life on the farm has improved even though they have less food than ever, and that Napoleon has their best interests at heart even though he kills those who disagree with him. As the only literate animals on the farm, the pigs maintain a monopoly on information that they use to build and hold their power.
THE SOVIET UNION
While Animal Farm condemns all forms of totalitarianism, it is most explicitly a bitter attack on the Soviet Union. Though Orwell supported the ideas of Socialism, he strongly opposed the Soviet Unions descent into totalitarianism under Stalin. Animal Farm satirically attacks the Soviet Union by mirroring many events from Soviet history in the novel. The events of Animal Farm that mirror historical events in the Soviet Union, such as the revolution and the subsequent corruption of its ideals. The book was banned in the Soviet Union and is still banned today in Russia, China, North Korea, Cuba and strangely United Arab Emirates (they consider it offensive to Islamic values)
Discussion Questions
1. What lie or lies does Orwell want to expose in Animal Farm and how does he get himself a hearing?
When comes to the tatalitarianism with execusation, all lies are disguised with horror
2. Is Animal Farm a successful fusion of the political and the artistic?
When it comes to Orwell, many friends must have heard of his name. After all, the two novels he wrote, "Animal Farm" and "1984", are considered "dystopian" or anti-communist classics.
However, Orwell is actually a pen name. His real name is Eric Blair. He was born in 1903 in India, which was still ruled by the British at the time, and later grew up in the United Kingdom. However, his life is not called "Victory in Life". Group". Before becoming a writer, he worked as a policeman, a tutor, a bookstore clerk, etc., and worked in the lower class society, so he eventually identified with socialism and became a leftist. just after Stalin (Stalin) became the leader of the Soviet Communist Party, Orwell witnessed with his own eyes how Stalin fully inspired internal fighting and purged political opponents, and also witnessed Soviet Russia becoming another totalitarian tyranny. Therefore, Orwell began He reflected on socialism and communism, and finally wrote "Animal Farm" and "1984", two anti-communist and anti-totalitarian classics.
3. Does Animal Farm present the point of view that power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely?
Secret 1: Promise a “beautiful vision” to trick people into joining
Secret 2: Lies rule and deceive the people
Secret 3:Three: Brainwashing memory: what was yesterday and what is now is not
Secret 4: Internal fighting and massacre to create fear
Secret 5: Excessive taxation and deprivation of people’s blood and sweat
Secret 6: Create enemies and blame others
Secret 7: Revolutionaries become dictators, "Paradise on Earth" becomes absurd for powerful people
Secret 8: The people’s situation has not improved, but has become worse.
Secret 9: Following communism will not end well
4. Does Animal Farm present a pessimistic view of human nature?
Through the novella, Animal Farm, George Orwell produce a pessimistic view on human nature shaped on the governments greed, corruption, and brute force, only possible through the blind trust of its citizens.
5. Is Animal Farm the history of a revolution betrayed or the intemperate rage of a disillusioned idealist?
“Animal. Utopia,” but ironically, it turns out to be a greater misery to them.
6. Is the moral of the fable that you cannot change human nature so things will always go badly?
When true moral being and moral order are realized, the universe then becomes a cosmos and all things attain their full growth and development.
7. If the events it is criticizing have already happened, what is the relevance of Animal Farm today?
It predicted us that the failure of socialism, power is poison, All animals are equal but some are more equal than the others. But we still strive for working better equal life!
8. Do you think Animal Farm awakens the reader to social and political injustice or do you think the issues it presents are obvious already?
How does Napoleon seize power?
Napoleon trains a litter of puppies to be loyal to him: when they are fully grown, he uses the dogs to chase Snowball, his main rival, off the farm. Napoleon justifies his takeover by telling the other animals that Snowball was a traitor secretly working for the human farmers. Squealer makes confusing and manipulative arguments to convince most of the animals that Napoleon is telling the truth, while fear of Napoleon’s dogs keeps any doubters from speaking out.
What does Boxer represent?
Within Animal Farm’s allegory of Soviet history, Boxer represents the Russian working class. Boxer does most of the work on the farm, and his strength and size give him a great deal of power. However, he is illiterate and trusting, which makes it easy for the pigs to trick him into submitting to their leadership. Orwell believed that something similar had happened to the Russian working class during the Soviet Revolution: the workers were powerful, and did all the work in the Soviet Union, but they were tricked and betrayed by Russian intellectuals.
Summary by Consultant Clive
Thank you to all the members who participated in the meeting today, the last one before summer. It was a great meeting about a book that still matters to us today. Power and control is one of the most important themes in Animal Farm. Orwell explores political power – Mr. Jones owns the farm and the animals and uses his men and whips to keep them under control and maintain his power which we compared to life today how politics and countries use power to control people and populations.
Orwell shows that the animals have the power to challenge Mr. Jones control and take over the farm - using power in a positive way. He then explores how the pigs use rhetoric and propaganda to establish themselves in power and take control of the farm. It is interesting that the working animals, especially Boxer the horse, have great physical power but they don’t use it to break free from the control of the pigs. Faye asked important questions about significant images and points in the novel which allowed us to understand the world we live in.
Old Major is partly based on Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. Karl Marx, was a German philosopher who lived during the 19th-century. His ideas formed the basis of communism - his ideas are collectively known as ‘Marxism’, like ‘Animalism’ in the novel. He developed theories on how power structures in society keep people under control. Vladimir Lenin was a Russian revolutionary who established a form of ‘Marxism’ in Russia in the early 20th-century. We were able to compare these ideas to the ones that plague China, Russia and other dictatorships to this day. Emma made some really important comparisons to Fitzgerald’s Great Gatbsy and the idea that both writers were interested in the idea of human nature, but from different perspectives. Shannon and MingLi were able to talk to us about how Orwell explores the idea of power leading to corruption. Many of the characters in the novel are eventually corrupted by the power they have, particularly the pigs, as they manipulate their position of leadership to exploit other animals. Finally, Florence was able to share with us her own experiences in China recently. Perhaps most importantly, the novel can be used to understand the world today and the situation in Ukraine and Russia. Thank you to everyone who attended today and especially a big thank you to Alice for her technological help.
1. beast of England
2. Owell: https://www.epochtimes.com/b5/21/2/12/n12748307.htm
3. Nine secret: https://www.epochtimes.com/b5/21/2/12/n12748307.htm
4. Misused Idealism: https://web.ntpu.edu.tw/~shueng/The%20Misused%20Idealism%20The%20Tragedy%20of%20Animal%20Farm--Chloe%20Hou.pdf
5. How’s the relevance to us today? https://www.quora.com/How-relevant-is-Orwells-Animal-Farm-today-What-are-some-examples
6. What can we learn? https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/key-questions-and-answers/
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