有意義的快樂，才能長久 Meaningful Happiness Lasts

神經心理學家老早就發現，沒有意義的快樂不能持久。正向心理學大師塞利格曼（Martin Seligman）認為，必須先學會區分愉悅（pleasure）與滿足感（gratification）的不同。愉悅是感官上的狂喜，但來得快、去得快；滿足感必須是做了最喜歡的事後帶來的意義和感覺，快樂的感覺才會更深層。

It has long been known to neuropsychologists that happiness without meaning cannot endure. According to Martin Seligman, the guru of positive psychology, it is first necessary to draw a distinction between “pleasure” – which is a transitory delight of the sensory organs – and “gratification”, which is a sense of meaningfulness that comes only after one has accomplished a favorite activity and gives rise to a deeper and more fulfilling happiness.

通常買了LV皮包、賓士新款轎車、吃鮪魚肚等美味的「快樂」，都是心理學上的「愉悅」層次，來得快、去得快。這也解釋了，許多憂鬱症的人都是物質不匱乏的人，但是為什麼憂鬱。原因即在於，物質的滿足很容易飽和，而且之後刺激要越來越強才會達到同樣程度的快樂。這種短暫的快樂一過去，剩下是更多的空虛。只是，大多數人（包括成功人士）並不自知，他們所追逐到的，是愉悅，感官上的狂喜。

In psychological terms, the type of “happiness” that comes with buying a new LV bag or Mercedes, or enjoying a choice cut of fresh tuna, is “pleasure” – quickly obtained and quickly forgotten. This might explain why many victims of depression are people who suffer no material deprivation. The reason for their depression is that people are easily saturated with material gratifications and ever stronger stimuli are afterwards required to reach the same levels of happiness. Once the fleeting moment of pleasure has passed, only greater emptiness remains. Most people, however, including the most successful, lack theself-awareness that what they are pursuing is simple pleasure or ecstasy of the sense.

真實的快樂，又被稱為「杜鄉的微笑（Duchenne Smile）」，是發自內心的微笑，紀念發現他的法國人杜鄉（Guillaume Duchenne）。看看你自己的表情是不是嘴角上揚、眼尾出現魚尾紋，眼眶周圍的眼窩匝肌和顴肌也被牽動，因為這兩塊肌肉不受意志控制，完全騙不了人。

Genuine happiness is known by its manifestation in a smile that is produced from deep within one, or a "Duchenne Smile", named for the French researcher who identified it. You can look to your own smile to see if the corners of your mouth are uplifted, if ‘crows’ feet’ appear by your eyes and if the muscles of the cheekbones and around your eye sockets are engaged – the response of these muscles is involuntary and thus cannot fool anyone.

有另一種微笑也騙不了人，叫做「官夫人剪綵的微笑」（Pan American Smile），不是發自內心的，也就是中國人說的「皮笑肉不笑」。

Another type of smile also fools no one – this is the "Pan American Smile" that does not come from the heart but is rather more like what the Chinese describe as “the skin smiling but not the flesh". 

From simple pleasure to material gratification to contented happiness to a passing delight, lasting joy, pure bliss and ultimate ecstasy.

The botox grin 注射肉毒桿菌不自然的笑

from the bridge of the nose throughout the temple 劃睫毛由頭至眼尾

“Don’t overdo it or you will regret it.” 勿樂極生悲

indulge in substance-abuse 濫用 Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">drugs, alcohol等

persist 通常用於 Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">’negative’

transitory 用於自然現象    temporary 係有計畫的,deliberate,如:樣品屋

prize-winning tea/coffee/beans  select tea 精選茗茶 

The finest leaves have been selected for this exquisite brew.