• ]擺脫單純走私： 伊朗伊斯蘭革命衛隊與黎巴嫩真主黨過去十多年不只提供魚，更「教會胡塞武裝如何釣魚」。胡塞已建立起本土的軍工學習流程與多元供應鏈。
• 軍民兩用件組裝： 他們學會利用進口的商用與軍民兩用零部件，在葉門本土組裝出大量的無人機、巡弋飛彈與彈道飛彈。即使外部走私路線被美軍或沙國封鎖，也無法根除其飛彈產能。 
• 科技化升級： 根據歐美情報顯示，胡塞武裝甚至開始嘗試利用人工智慧（AI）技術（例如使用 Claude 等大型語言模型輔助）來開發制導火箭軟體與高超音速滑翔飛彈變體，使其不對稱打擊精度顯著提升。

• 低成本 vs 高代價： 胡塞武裝大量使用幾千美元的低成本無人機和自製飛彈，密集發動高頻率、飽和式的遠程突襲。美軍至疑胡賽武裝部隊運用自己研發成功的飛彈擊落沙烏地阿拉伯的空軍F-15.戰鬥機.
• . Houthis chant: “This will be the fate of Al Saud: submission and humiliation in Yemen.” The Houthis shot down a Saudi F-15. The situation in Yemen stays in the Houthis’ favor.
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• 沙國防空疲於奔命： 沙烏地阿拉伯雖然擁有頂尖的美製「愛國者」等防空系統，但攔截一枚無人機需要耗費數百萬美元的攔截彈。在美伊衝突導致地緣防空物資消耗殆盡的背景下，沙國面臨嚴重的攔截彈庫存短缺與成本失衡。.
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• ]全民皆兵與實戰淬鍊： 自2014年內戰爆發以來，胡塞武裝在與沙國聯軍將近十年的對抗中，累積了極其豐富的反空襲、分散隱蔽與多路協同作戰經驗。其兵力已從早期的數萬人壯大至超過35萬人。
• 非游擊隊水平： 他們善於利用葉門西北部廣袤的山地地形分散戰術單位和發射平台，其指揮能力已能進行師級單位的壓制與防空攔截，早已不是外界刻板印象中的「拖鞋軍游擊隊」。

• Airport Attacks: Houthi strikes on King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh resulted in multiple casualties, including a strike that killed 13 people and injured over 300, followed by a subsequent attack killing a Pakistani resident. []
• Oil & Energy Infrastructure: The group targeted oil giant Saudi Aramcos headquarters and facilities in Dhahran and the Eastern Province, triggering limited fires and prompting security alerts. 
• Air Defenses & Interceptions: The Saudi-led coalition reported intercepting multiple ballistic missiles and drones over Riyadh, Khamis Mushait, and the Eastern Province. []
• Retaliation & Motivations: The Houthis stated the campaign is a direct retaliation against Saudi-led airstrikes and military operations in Yemen. Meanwhile, Saudi Energy Minister Prince Abdul Aziz bin Salman has vowed a "serious" response to the attacks. .
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Iran-backed Houthi rebels warn against joining Saudi Arabia in Yemen’s growing civil war.

 A senior official with the Iran-backed Houthi rebels is warning countries against joining Saudi Arabia in Yemen’s revived civil war, telling The Associated Press on Sunday that his group has assured the Trump administration that it won’t attack U.S. vessels in the Red Sea.

Mohamed al-Bukhaiti, a member of the Houthis’ political bureau, said Washington reached out to the rebels after their rapid advance down Yemen’s western coast to the Bab el-Mandeb Strait earlier this month.

“We confirmed that we are not targeting the United States, or any other nation, in the strait, with the sole exception of the Saudi enemy,” he told the AP in a Zoom interview from the rebel-held Yemeni capital, Sanaa. “That remains the case.”

U.S. President Donald Trump last weekend said his administration has “had discussions” with the Houthis, but did not say when. “The Houthis called us, and they don’t want to fight with us,” he said. “They would much prefer not having us involved, and they’re letting most ships go through.”

The AP later reported that Oman hosted a meeting between U.S. and Houthi representatives last weekend, citing a Houthi official and another individual familiar with the talks. They spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to brief the media.

However, al-Bukhaiti only confirmed indirect contacts with U.S. officials through longtime mediator Oman, which brokered a 2025 ceasefire between the Houthis and the Trump administration. That ended a weekslong U.S. bombing campaign against the rebels in return for them ceasing attacks on U.S. vessels in the Red Sea.

“The goal of our military operations is not to close the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, but rather to ensure freedom of navigation through it for everyone, including Yemen,” he said.

The Houthis claim they can fight a war on multiple fronts

Al-Bukhaiti said the rebels have the capacity to fight a war on multiple fronts “should any nation become implicated in the aggression against Yemen alongside Saudi Arabia.”

“Today, Yemen is capable of waging battle — not merely an internal conflict, but an international one as well,” he said.

He said the Houthi attacks against neighboring Saudi Arabia will persist until Riyadh ends its decade-long blockade on rebel-held areas in Yemen and allows vessels to reach Houthi-controlled ports on the Red Sea. Then they will be ready to negotiate, he said.

Al-Bukhaiti blamed Saudi Arabia for the latest escalation of violence in Yemen, which he said erupted after an airstrike blamed on the Saudi-led coalition fighting the rebels hit the Sanaa international airport. The strike prevented an Iranian flight carrying a Houthi delegation to land. The flight was a Houthi attempt to challenge the coalition’s air and naval blockade.

The Houthis responded with missile and drone strikes on Saudi Arabia, including one that targeted Riyadh on Saturday before being intercepted. Saudi officials said debris from a Houthi drone also killed one civilian and injured others.

The Houthis also declared a blockade on Saudi shipping in the Bab el-Mandeb Strait and the Red Sea, attacking Saudi-linked vessels and oil facilities inside the kingdom, the world’s top oil exporter.

The Saudis and their allies have long struggled to contain the Houthis, and may be tempted to seek a diplomatic solution to halt attacks. That might ultimately require U.S. concessions to Iran, the only country with leverage over the Houthis. But Washington’s negotiations with Tehran over their own war fell apart weeks ago.

“We have not closed the door to peace,” Mahdi al-Mashat, president of the Houthis’ Supreme Political Council, the top executive body, said in a speech Sunday marking the anniversary of their 2014 takeover of Sanaa.

The U.S., which bombed the Houthis under the Biden and Trump administrations, has shown no interest in getting involved militarily this time around.