Unit 1-chapter1

jingle /dʒ'ɪŋgəl/

In 1882,the American writer Mark Twain published a short story ablut an annoying jingle that kept repeating itself in his mind.

definition: a commercial tune 

eg: I can't help humming that aweful facial cream jingle.

earworm

Rearchers are just begining to identify the reasons these catchy tunes, also known as earworms, have become a common. 

definition: a tune or part of a song that repeats in one’s mind

eg: The song played in the grocery store became an earworm for her.

catchy  /k'ætʃi/

Researchers are just begining to identify the reasons these catchy tunes, also known as earworms, have become a common.

definition: easy to remember

eg: Alice played a catchy song on the piano.

portable /p'ɔrtəbəl/

Sacks notes that these days, people listen to portable audio devices when they are driving, exercising, or doing homework.

definition: capable of being carried

eg: Mother has a portable TV in the kitchen.

n: portability adv: protably

sack /s'æk/

Sacks notes that these days, people listen to portable audio devices when they are driving, exercising, or doing homework.

definition: a large bag

eg: A sack is often made of rough cloth.

supposedly /səp'ozədli/

...so it shouldn't be surprising that this supposedly harmless background noise attaches itself to their brains. 

definition: according to what is assumed to be true

eg: Supposedly, she is a wealthy woman.

a: supposed v: suppose

likelihood /l'ɑɪklih,ʊd/

The likelihood taht earworm wil infect a person is greater today simply because there are more tunes out there than in the past.

definition: probability

eg: There seems very little likelihood of victory.

a: likely

itch /'ɪtʃ/

According to a consumer psychologist at the University...an earworm is a sort of brain itch.

definition: a unpleasant tingling feeling on the skin

eg: I've got an itch on the back of my neck. 

a: itchy 

cachy /k'ætʃi/

He says that tunes, especially if they are catchy or repetitive, can affect the brain in the same way .....

definition: easy to rememer

eg: He hummed a catchy tune as he worked.

cognitive /k'ɑgnɪtɪv/

In fact, a cognitive neuroscientist who has studied music and the brain, says that music can function like a movie soundtrack.

definition: concerned with the act or process of knowing

eg: A cognitive psychological analysis of keyword mathod.

soundtrack /s'ɑʊndtr,æk/

In fact, a cognitive neuroscientist who has studied music and the brain, says that music can function like a movie soundtrack.

definition: the recorded music from a movie

eg: The players require a bit of work to produce your personal soundtrack, but not much.

• function /f'ʌŋkʃən/
• In fact, a cognitive neuroscientist who has studied music and the brain, says that music can function like a movie soundtrack.
• definition: a proper or normal duty or purpose
• eg: The function of the heart is to send blood around the body.
• a: functional 
• protest /prət'ɛst/
• Already, some people have raised protests.
• definition: a formal complaint or objection
• eg: They paid the fine without protest.
• n: protester
• susceptible /səs'ɛptəbəl/
• Kellaris says that musicians tend to be more susceptible to earworms, perhaps because of their sensitivity to music.
• definition: capable of being affected emotionally 
• eg: Byron had always been susceptible to women. 
• n: susceptibleness  adv: susceptibly
• chapter 2
• acoustic /ək'ustɪk/
• Amazingly, the thief isn't hurt because the officer hasn't used a real gun, but rather something called a Long Lange Acoustic Device.
• definition: related to hearing
• eg: She needs acoustic aids.
• adv: acoustically
• activate /'æktəv,et/
• The officers pull out a special device, points it at the suspect, and activates it.
• definition: cause to start working
• eg: You can activate the machine by  pushing this button.
• a: active  adv: actively
• beam /b'im/
• At the same time, the officers and the bystanders are not affected because unlike regular sound that spreads in many direction, the noise from the LRAD is directed like a beam of light. 
• definition: a ray of light
• eg: The beam of the headlights was so strong that  I couldn't open my eyes.
• deafening /d'ɛfənɪŋ/
• This device produces a deafening sound that is so painful that it temporarily disables a person.
• definition: very loud
• eg: We were awakened by a deafening roar from the street.
• v: deafen
• lethal /l'iθəl/
• Unfortunately, the LRAD may cause some hearing loss, which makes it controversial, but it is not lethal.
• definition: causing death
• eg: The chemical is lethal to rats but safe for domestic animals.
• collar /k'ɑlɚ/
• There is now a dog collar that makes a high-pitched sound whenever the dog wearing it tries to leave the yard.
• definition: the part of a garment which fits around the neck
• eg: What size of collar do you take?
• restore /rɪst'ɔr/
• Simply activate the machine, point it at the offending target, and your peace and quiet is instantly restored.
• definition: to put back to a former place
• eg: The money must be restored to its rightful owner.
• a: restorable  n: restorableness
• the notes in the class
• ori-:
• eg: orientation, original
• hypo-: under
• eg: hypothesis, hypodermic needle, hporactive
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