Town
Noun
1. cluster or aggregation of houses recognized as a distinct place with a place-name
E.g. because of this, many of the migrants are forced to live in temporary squats and shanty towns.
Whatever
Adjective
1. anything or everything that
E.g. made of whatever materials the people can find.
Billion
Noun
1. a number equal to 1,000 million
E.g. at the moment, there are one billion people living in shanty towns.
Release
Verb
1. to set free from restraint, confinement, or servitude
E.g. architects can design large buildings that release hot air through the top of the building and suck in cooler air through the top of the building.
Asphalt
Noun
1. a dark bituminous substance that is found in natural beds and is also obtained as a residue in petroleum refining and that consists chiefly of hydrocarbons
E.g. these things do not heat up like concrete and asphalt.
Sewage
Noun
1. a tool used by metalworkers for shaping their work by holding it on the work or the work on it and striking with a hammer or sledge
E.g. they will lack basic services like water, electricity and sewage.
Resident
Noun
1. living in a place for some length of time
E.g. they will also create a lot of waste and greenhouse gases, as residents will burn their own fuel.
Dwell
Noun
1. to remain for a time
E.g. around the world, governments, city planners and architects are trying to build a better future for city dweller.
Lot
Noun
1. a portion of land
E.g. to help reduce waste, sustainable cities will have many small farming lots so people can produce their own food.
Turbine
Noun
1. a rotary engine actuated by the reaction or impulse or both of a current of fluid (as water, steam, or air) subject to pressure and usually made with a series of curved vanes on a central rotating spindle
E.g. there will also be large wind farms, with huge wind turbines to make the most of wind power.
Fluent
Adjective
1. capable of using a language easily and accurately
E.g. adults often must work harder to become fluent in a second language.
Bilingual
Adjective
1. having or expressed in two languages
E.g. in one study, scientists used a special machine to look at the brains of bilingual adults.
Rate
Noun
1. to drive away by scolding
E.g. languages have come and gone in the past, but they are now disappearing at a rapid rate.
Estimate
Verb
1. to judge tentatively or approximately the value, worth, or significance of
E.g. experts estimate that, on average, the word loses a language every two weeks.
Phobia
Noun
1. an exaggerated usually inexplicable and illogical fear of a particular object, class of objects, or situation
E.g. his fear of crowds eventually developed into a phobia.
Terrify
Verb
1. to drive or impel by menacing
E.g. do you find it boring, exciting, or downright terrifying?
Fear
Noun
1. an unpleasant often strong emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of dange
E.g. their fear of flying can prevent them from traveling to other countries or visiting friends far away.
Tunnel
Noun
1. a hollow conduit or recess
E.g. they might also be afraid of being in an enclosed place like an elevator or a tunnel on a highway.
Bewilder
Verb
1. to cause to lose one's bearings
E.g. this is especially bewildering for older people.
Loss
Noun
1. the act of losing possession
E.g. others are afraid of a loss of control.
Announce
Verb
1. give information
E.g. we need to wait at the gate until they announce our flight.
Crew
Noun
1. all of the people who work together on a ship, train, or plane
E.g. the plane's crew were very friendly and helpful.
Altitude
Noun
1. height
E.g. this plane flies at an altitude of 31,000 feet.
Feet
Noun
1. 12 inches or 0.3 meters
E.g. the flight attendant was only few feet away when I got her attention.
Connecting flight
Noun
1. when you arrive at the airport, your next plane is there to get on so you can continue your trip
E.g. we didn't arrive in time to catch our connecting flight.
