Gaslighting-空中英語教室
2025/06/14 16:13
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Gaslighting 小心「煤氣燈效應」(上)
空中英語教室 20250613
煤氣燈效應
煤氣燈效應
ChatGPT 說：
煤氣燈效應（Gaslighting）是一種心理操控與情緒虐待的手法，施害者透過扭曲、否認、操縱事實來讓受害者質疑自己的記憶、知覺與理智，從而達到控制對方的目的。
🔍 名稱由來：
這個詞源自1944年的電影《Gaslight》（中文譯作《煤氣燈下》），劇中丈夫透過操控環境（如讓煤氣燈忽明忽暗，卻堅稱沒變），使妻子懷疑自己是否精神失常。
🚨 煤氣燈效應的常見特徵：
否認事實：即使受害者有清楚記憶或證據，施害者仍堅持事情沒發生。
改寫記憶：施害者會「糾正」受害者的記憶，例如說：「你記錯了，那不是你說的。」
貶低感受：例如說「你太敏感了」、「你想太多了」。
操縱事實：故意改變環境或資訊，然後否認改變。
孤立受害者：讓受害者懷疑其他人的忠誠或意圖，進一步依賴施害者。
🎯 目的：
使受害者懷疑自我判斷力，產生自卑與依附感，以便施害者維持控制權。
🧠 長期影響：
自我懷疑
焦慮、抑鬱
自尊心受損
難以信任他人
甚至出現創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）
🛡️ 如何應對煤氣燈效應：
記錄事件：寫下每次衝突或對話，保持清晰的時間線。
尋求外部支持：和信任的朋友或心理諮詢師談談。
建立自我信任：練習信任自己的直覺與記憶。
設定界限：避免與施害者進入操控性的討論。
尋求專業協助：心理治療能提供釐清與修復的空間。
煤氣燈效應
ChatGPT 說：
「煤氣燈效應」（英文：Gaslighting）是一種心理操控與情緒虐待的手法，施害者透過扭曲、否認、操縱事實來讓受害者質疑自己的記憶、知覺與理智，從而達到控制對方的目的。
🔍 名稱由來：
這個詞源自1944年的電影《Gaslight》（中文譯作《煤氣燈下》），劇中丈夫透過操控環境（如讓煤氣燈忽明忽暗，卻堅稱沒變），使妻子懷疑自己是否精神失常。
🚨 煤氣燈效應的常見特徵：
否認事實：即使受害者有清楚記憶或證據，施害者仍堅持事情沒發生。
改寫記憶：施害者會「糾正」受害者的記憶，例如說：「你記錯了，那不是你說的。」
貶低感受：例如說「你太敏感了」、「你想太多了」。
操縱事實：故意改變環境或資訊，然後否認改變。
孤立受害者：讓受害者懷疑其他人的忠誠或意圖，進一步依賴施害者。
🎯 目的：
使受害者懷疑自我判斷力，產生自卑與依附感，以便施害者維持控制權。
🧠 長期影響：
自我懷疑
焦慮、抑鬱
自尊心受損
難以信任他人
甚至出現創傷後壓力症候群（PTSD）
🛡️ 如何應對煤氣燈效應：
記錄事件：寫下每次衝突或對話，保持清晰的時間線。
尋求外部支持：和信任的朋友或心理諮詢師談談。
建立自我信任：練習信任自己的直覺與記憶。
設定界限：避免與施害者進入操控性的討論。
尋求專業協助：心理治療能提供釐清與修復的空間。
(使用CapCut 自動字幕功能)
只要修正英文文法，保留原文，同時將簡體中文修改為繁體中文，不要將原文的英文翻譯成中文
hello everyone
my name is Garrett, and
today is a good day to learn something new.
So let’s do that together. My name is Anne Marie,
and my name is Garrett.
Friends, we’re going to learn a lot today.
We’re getting into a psychology lesson—
that’s the study of the mind and how we think.
That’s right! Our psychology lesson
today is going to be talking about
gaslighting.
Now, gaslighting is a term you might not be familiar with,
but it might have happened to you before.
We’ll get into all of the definitions later in our article,
but we really hope that if you have struggled with
gaslighting before,
this article can be helpful. Right?
So think about your own life as we go through this,
but hopefully don’t overthink it.
This is a very specific situation,
but it is something that is not good,
and we don’t want it to happen.
That’s right. Well, friends,
let’s get into this article,
learning about gaslighting and
all of the English terms we use to talk about this topic
as we get into our first reading for the day.
Gaslighting
When someone makes you question what you know is true.
The 1938 play Gaslight and the 1944 movie based on it
tell the story of a husband
who tries to convince his wife that she is insane
so that he can claim her family’s jewels.
He makes her believe that things she knows are real
actually aren’t. For example,
the gas-powered lights in their townhouse
dim when he’s not home,
but he assures her it’s only her imagination.
This movie inspired the term gaslighting,
which is a form of abuse that involves denying reality
with the goal of making the victim question
his or her own sanity.
hello, I’m Jack.
今天的 usage tip 用來解析課文這一句：
he makes her believe that things she knows are real actually aren’t.
本句中的主句是 he makes her believe，從句 that 所引導出來的名詞子句作主句動詞 make 的受詞，以說明「他讓她相信」的具體內容。
從句的主詞是 things she knows are real，aren’t 是動詞，後面則省略了 real。
來看例句：
Critics were surprised that the award they thought she would win was given to someone else.
評論家很驚訝，他們以為她會獲得的獎項卻頒給了別人。
Well, we mentioned that today
we’re going to talk about gaslighting,
and this is a situation that we should really explain.
So let’s get into our article together. Okay, well,
our article begins by saying:
When someone makes you question what you know is true.
This is the whole idea of gaslighting.
You know something is true,
but somebody else makes you question
if what you’re thinking is right or wrong.
And it’s not just an opinion you have—
it’s something you really do know is true about the world
or about what has happened.
But someone is making you question that
and making you unsure of yourself.
We get into our article and read that the 1938 play
Gaslight and the 1944 movie based on it
tell the story of a husband
who tries to convince his wife that she is insane.
Oh my goodness, I have never heard of this play before,
but it sounds pretty interesting.
There are a few terms we need to take a look at
from this first part here.
friends
First of all, we want to talk about the idea of something based on something else.
This means that it is used as a foundation or a starting point.
When we’re specifically talking about media, though, a lot of times movies could be based on books, based on a book, or based on a video game.
You might say this movie is based on a true story that happened,
and you can read more about it in a newspaper article. Okay?
So this play that was then turned into a movie,
we see that this husband is trying to convince his wife that she is insane.
Now, insane means extremely crazy or unreasonable.
Yes, the roller coaster ride was insane.
That’s one fun example sentence you could use.
Of course, that ride was not crazy or unreasonable in its thinking,
it just was wild. That’s one other way to use this exactly.
But here we’re talking about the way that someone is thinking—they are thinking in a way that is crazy, unpredictable, unreasonable.
But why would the husband want to do this?
What do we find out here, don’t we? Yes.
So he tried to convince his wife that she was insane so that he can claim her family’s jewels or kind of steal something from her exactly.
And I think that this is a common thing with people who gaslight others—they have some type of motive; there’s a reason that they’re trying to gaslight the other person.
But we read on here he makes her believe that things she knows are real aren’t actually real. Yes.
For example, the gas-powered lights in their townhouse dim when he’s not home.
And when something dims, it becomes less bright.
And what he does is say that this is only your imagination; it’s not actually happening.
This movie inspired the term gaslighting, which is a form of abuse that involves denying reality.
And let’s stop there just a minute because there’s a lot we need to talk about in the first part of this sentence, right? This is not a fun word to talk about, but it is important—it’s the word abuse.
This is wrong or harmful treatment to someone.
There are all different kinds of abuse—there’s physical abuse, mental abuse, and generally speaking, it is all bad,
and abuse should not be tolerated at all. Most schools have anti-abuse policies, right? Well,
there is abuse happening in this story and in gaslighting.
Gaslighting is a form of abuse that involves denying reality.
To deny reality is to refuse what is true or the truth. For example,
he keeps denying reality instead of facing his problems.
Now, in a gaslighting situation, it’s not the person being gaslit that is denying reality,
it’s the person doing the gaslighting, yeah.
So they’re denying the reality even though they do know the reality—they’re doing this on purpose. Why are they doing this?
When we find out their goal here
in the next part of this sentence,
we see that this is with the goal of making the victim question his or her own sanity. Now that word sanity
is related to the word insane that we used earlier.
The opposite of insane is sane. When you’re sane,
you’re thinking clearly, and you have sanity or a healthy mental state.
Here’s an example of how you could use sanity in a sentence:
A short break helped me regain my sanity.
Friends, we have more to learn about gaslighting,
so let’s get on with our next reading right now.
Gaslighting
Gaslighting can take a variety of forms.
A gaslighter may deny doing things they actually did,
or question the victim’s memories of events.
This can lead the victim to believe that they have a bad memory.
They might also accuse the victim of being too sensitive,
or suggest that they got their ideas from an unreliable source.
Gaslighting is considered a type of psychological abuse,
and it can occur in conjunction with other forms of abuse.
我們來看形容詞 unreliable我們看到前面有 on 這個否定的字首所以意思是不可靠的
來看例句
If you ever see a newspaper called Secret News known by Feube, then you can be certain that it is unreliable.
如果你看到一份名為少數人知道的秘密新聞的報紙，那麼你可以確定它是不可靠的。
unreliable 的反義詞就是 reliable，意思是可靠的。
比如 Rex trusts his son, who has turned into a hardworking young man who is very reliable.
Rex 信任他的兒子，因為他已經成為一個勤奮且值得信賴的年輕人。
reliable 的名詞是 reliability，意思是可靠性或可信度。
比如 Madison has creative ideas and lots of enthusiasm, but I doubt her reliability.
Madison 有創意的想法和很大的熱情，但是我懷疑她的可信度。
All right, friends, we are not talking about a fun topic today,
but it is important.
We’re talking about gaslighting and what exactly it is, exactly. So,
let’s read on and find out.
We read gaslighting can take a variety of forms.
A gaslighter may deny
doing things they actually did,
or question the victim’s memories of events.
This word deny is a key idea in this article, right?
So we used it earlier when we talked about denying reality.
Let’s just talk about this word deny.
To deny is to refuse
to accept or allow something. Here’s an example:
He denied breaking the rules. So,
in this situation, maybe a rule was broken,
but the person who broke the rule said he didn’t do it.
Now, when you deny something,
you might just be lying when you actually did do something,
or you might not remember or be tricking yourself.
And what kind of effect does this have on the victim? Well,
this can lead the victim to believe
that they have a bad memory, right?
So they denied doing things they actually
did or questioned the victim’s memories of events,
and they might also accuse the victim
of being too sensitive. Oh,
this is a big shame.
Let’s talk about some of those words here.
The word accuse means to
say that someone did something wrong.
Now, when someone is accused,
they didn’t necessarily do that thing wrong,
but someone has said that they did.
It’s kind of like the word blaming—
you’re trying to put, well,
you’re trying to say that someone
did something wrong or that they’re
the reason that something bad happened. So here
we can say it’s to say that someone did something wrong.
Here’s an example of
how you could use accused in a sentence:
She accused him of cheating on the test.
Maybe he cheated on the test, maybe he didn’t,
but the point
is that she is accusing him of doing the wrong thing. Well,
here the person who’s gaslighting
is accusing someone of being too sensitive.
Now sometimes that could be a good thing, being
sensitive, but here
they are accusing them of this. To be sensitive
is to be easily affected emotionally
by things that are happening or to feel hurt by them.
For example, some people are very sensitive to criticism.
As soon as somebody criticizes something they do,
they get very defensive or hurt,
or maybe they have a lot of emotions attached to that.
That’s what it means to be sensitive.
So if someone is accusing someone of being too sensitive,
they might tell them to just toughen up,
don’t worry about things,
just move on. So what the gaslighter does here
is that they accuse the victim of being too sensitive,
or maybe they’re suggesting that they got their
ideas from an unreliable source.
unreliable is one of those words that you saw in today’s
language lab. But reading on here, we see
gaslighting is considered a type of psychological abuse,
so this is abuse of
your mental state,
abuse of the way you think, not of your physical body. Well,
it can occur in conjunction with other forms of abuse.
What does that mean, Emory?
Okay, to be
in conjunction with means that it is together
with something else.
So the idea in our article
here is that gaslighting is a form of abuse,
but there’s probably another form of abuse
also happening. So two things together, in conjunction with, yeah—
two things work together
and kind of make each other better. I think about this smart
watch
I have on my wrist. It works in conjunction with my phone.
They communicate and take information from each other.
Exactly. All right, friends,
we’ll be right back after today’s info cloud.
Hello friends welcome to info cloud
When you tell a story
Do you ever exaggerate or bend the truth a little?
For example, when you talk about how far you hiked
Or how much money you made,
Does the number increase every time you tell the story?
This can be called
Bending the truth in English.
People sometimes compare the truth to a straight line.
For example, the phrase
Give it to me straight means tell me honestly and directly.
If you bend something that is straight,
You are manipulating it or changing it.
So, is bending the truth the same as telling a lie?
Not exactly. When you bend the truth,
You might just be leaving some information out.
You might also be putting more emphasis
On some things than others.
So bending the truth isn’t outright lying,
But it’s not being honest either. That’s right.
If someone finds out you bent the truth,
They might not trust you as much in the future.
I’ve heard people talk about stretching the truth too.
Is that the same as bending the truth? It’s very similar.
Stretching the truth often describes making something sound
Bigger or better than it really is.
You can also twist the truth, right?
That is a much bigger manipulation, just like you were
Working with dough or metal.
The action of twisting is much bigger than stretching or
Bending.
Twisting the truth is definitely seen as a negative thing.
You are using some of the truth
To achieve your own goals. It could be more harmful
Than just bending or lightly stretching the truth.
bend the truth 扭曲事實
bend the truth 扭曲事實
stretch the truth 誇大事實
我們都知道誠實是一種美德但是有些人說話經常bend the truth也就是扭曲事實
雖然不是完全說謊但是bend the truth代表加油添醋或是模糊事實
另外一個類似的說法是stretch the truth
stretch有延伸或誇大的含義stretch the truth就是誇大事實
當你聽到有人bend the truth或是stretch the truth
你可以跟他說Give it to me straight字面上就是直接給我意思就是誠實地告訴我
這就是今天的INFO cloud下次雲端見
Gaslighting
Gaslighting
Gaslighting usually begins gradually. In fact,
Some gaslighters
Appear very affectionate toward their victims.
Then the gaslighter starts lying about simple things,
Gradually increasing the amount of false information.
When the victim questions
The narrative, the gaslighter doubles down
And claims that the victim is mistaken.
接下來看affectionate這個形容詞意思是有感情的
來看例句
My grandfather was not a physically affectionate man, But I knew that he loved me by the long letters He would send.
我的祖父是不會用肢體來表達愛的人但是我從他寄來的長信中知道他愛我。
Affectionate的副詞是affectionately，意思是充滿感情的、深情的。
譬如
Olivia spoke affectionately about her first great teacher Who had inspired her to become a teacher.
Olivia充滿感情地談起她的一年級老師，正是這位老師激勵她成為了一名教師。
Affectionate的名詞是affection，譬如
With cake, Balloons, words of affection, and lots of laughter, We celebrated my uncle’s ninetieth birthday.
在蛋糕、氣球、溫暖的話語和許多的歡笑聲中，我們慶祝了叔叔的90歲生日。
So friends,
I think we understand that gaslighting is a kind of abuse.
One person is hurting someone else psychologically.
But does that mean that these two people are
Enemies? Not necessarily.
In fact,
A lot of times gaslighting comes from someone that you love.
We look at that idea here in this next section.
We read gaslighting usually begins gradually.
Now when we see this word gradually,
It means slowly over time.
You might say she gradually improved her English skills
By practicing a little bit every day.
Okay, well
We read on here and see in fact
Some gaslighters appear very affectionate toward their
Victims. Oh,
This is really sad.
So gaslighters are intending to hurt others,
But they’re also
Treating them in a very affectionate, loving way.
And in some ways, that might make the gaslighting
Even more effective.
Unfortunately, well,
Then the gaslighter starts lying about simple things,
Gradually increasing
The amount of false information. It’s not all at once, okay?
What happens next?
When the victim questions the narrative,
The gaslighter doubles down.
Okay, let’s stop there for a minute.
There are a few terms that we need to look at first.
Let’s talk about the idea of a narrative. Sure.
When I think of that word,
I often think of a story like a book that you’re reading.
But here a narrative is the story of events
That are happening in the situation
That is being discussed with the gaslighting.
Exactly. So for example,
A book might have a very interesting narrative,
That’s the story of the book.
But as this word is used in our article,
The idea is the account of what happened.
Maybe there was an argument or something bad happened,
And there’s a certain narrative,
A certain story of events. Yeah.
They’re trying to discuss whether or not something actually
Happened. Well,
The narrative is being questioned
And the gaslighter doubles down.
This means to become
More and more determined or committed to something.
Maybe first
You gaslight a little bit and the other person questions it,
But then you double down,
You gaslight even more.
So doubling down can be positive or it can be negative.
In our article, of course,
It is negative.
But here’s an example of how doubling down could be
Used in a positive way:
He doubled down on his training
Before the race. He was even more determined and
Even more committed.
So after doubling down,
This person claims that the victim is mistaken.
If you are mistaken,
You are wrong about something that you thought was true.
Exactly. Here’s an example of how you could use mistaken
In a sentence:
I was mistaken
About the test date. I was wrong about it.
I got the wrong date in my calendar.
Exactly. Well,
We know a bit more about gaslighting and now
It’s time to go to our fun fact.
Hello fact friends,
I am detective
Ernest Finder and I have a fun fact for you today.
Did you know that before natural gas,
Some people used whale oil to light their homes?
Whale oil is the oil from the fat of a whale.
It’s true. To get the oil from a whale you must first
Catch an angry whale.
It is easier to get oil from the ground.
And that is today’s fun fact.
Well, gaslighting is a kind of abuse, friends.
We hope you never have to go through this.
But we should answer our question, Emory.
Have you ever been a victim of gaslighting?
This is a pretty heavy question to answer.
As a matter of fact,
I have been a victim of gaslighting before.
It’s very unfortunate because oftentimes
Gaslighting is done by someone who you love.
And it does make you question your
Ideas about the world or your narrative of what happened.
And the most unfortunate part is sometimes people don’t
Mean to gaslight,
But it does hurt your relationship.
Absolutely.
I’m not sure if I have been gaslit in a
Big way but I think this can happen in even small ways
In our relationships so
Be aware.
All right friends, that’s all the time we have for today.
My name is Anne Marie,
And my name is Garrett. We’ll see you again next time,
Right here on Studio Classroom. Bye.
Gaslighting 小心「煤氣燈效應」(下)
空中英語教室 20250614
(使用CapCut 自動字幕功能)
只要修正英文文法，保留原文，同時將簡體中文修改為繁體中文，不要將原文的英文翻譯成中文
hello everyone
my name is Garrett
and today is a great day to learn something new
it certainly is, so let’s do that together
my name is Anne Marie
and this is Studio Classroom
friends, we're glad you’re with us to learn more
today we continue our lesson from yesterday
that’s right, we are talking all
about gaslighting
it is not necessarily a fun topic
but it’s a good thing for all of us to be aware of
what exactly is gaslighting, Garrett?
gaslighting is when someone tells you that you are wrong
well, it’s more complicated than that
they make you question what you know is true
in an effort to get something
exactly, when you’re being gaslit
it means that someone is making you
question your own memories
or question your own sanity
they’re telling you that something didn’t happen
even though it really did, right?
i think it’s interesting that the term is gaslighting
because we don’t really see any gas lights around
but yesterday
we learned this comes from an old movie and play
and now it is something that still happens today
today we’re going to talk more
about the effects of gaslighting and
what it does to the victim
we’re also going to give some tips on how you can avoid it
so let’s get right into our first reading for the day
Gaslighting
Victims of gaslighting eventually
feel insecure
and begin to question their own reactions and
understandings of events, which
is exactly the point of the abuse. Gaslighting
is a means of control
that compels the victim to rely on the gaslighter.
Victims may allow the gaslighter to make decisions
they no longer trust themselves to make.
They may even ask the gaslighter what happened in the past,
doubting their own memories.
This lack of confidence
also often prevents the victim from
leaving the relationship.
hi, I’m Jack
今天的 usage tip 是動詞 prevent 的用法。
prevent 是指阻止或是妨礙，經常與介系詞 from 連用，它的意思是「使……無法做某事」，後面的受詞是以動名詞形式來呈現。
除了 prevent 之外，keep、protect、stop 等動詞也經常與 from 來搭配，用法也相同。
來看例句：
A complex password can protect your account from being hacked.
複雜的密碼可以保護你的帳戶不受到駭客的攻擊。
at the end of our lesson yesterday
we were talking about
some of the steps that someone takes
when they’re gaslighting someone else. Now,
let’s get into what happens for the person
being gaslit.
okay, good idea, Garrett.
we start in our article here by seeing:
Victims of gaslighting eventually
feel insecure and begin to question their own reactions and
understandings of events.
let’s stop there for just a moment.
let’s talk about that word "insecure".
If you’re secure, then you’re sure of something,
so the word "insecure" means you’re lacking in confidence—
you don’t have a lot of it.
There’s a lot of different things people
feel insecure about.
Some people might
feel insecure about their physical appearance,
or someone might feel insecure about public speaking.
yeah, so someone being gaslit
might feel insecure about the truth or their own sanity.
They begin to question their own reactions.
what are reactions?
Okay, a reaction is the way you respond to something.
So different people have
different reactions to different situations.
Reactions aren’t necessarily good or bad,
but they could be positive or negative.
yeah, you might think about your reaction to a loud noise—
it might be to jump back
or to run over and see if someone needs help.
Everyone’s reaction will be different. In this situation,
we’re specifically talking about emotional reactions.
And we see
here that the gaslighter is making the victim question
their understanding of an event—
and that’s exactly the point of the abuse, right?
So gaslighting is a means of control
that compels the victim to rely on the gaslighter.
"Compels"—this is a word we need to take a look at, friends.
"Compels" means to force or strongly encourage something.
Here’s an example:
This story
compels the reader to think. So as someone reads this story,
they’re forced to think about it because of what’s in it.
I want to take a moment here to
say that some gaslighting is very minor,
and some gaslighting is on a bigger scale.
If you have been gaslit before,
maybe it hasn’t made it to this level yet. That doesn’t mean
that the gaslighting
hasn’t happened.
It just means you might not have experienced
all of these consequences, right?
Maybe it hasn’t happened yet,
or it’s just not quite as severe.
But all of it is some kind of abuse.
Now, here is the severe situation that could happen:
Victims may allow the gaslighter to make decisions they
no longer trust themselves to make.
Right, we continue:
They may even ask the gaslighter what happened in the past,
doubting their own memories.
Ah, this is really severe now,
because you can’t even trust your own
thinking patterns or your own sanity.
You start doubting yourself.
"Doubting" means to not believe
or to feel unsure about something.
yeah, you might doubt your ability to do well at something—
even though you studied a lot for a test,
you sit down in that classroom,
and you doubt your ability to pass.
Now, the problem here is
that the victim is starting to rely on the gaslighter
to tell them
what happened in the past—to make sure that they
understand the narrative—
because they doubt themselves.
And what happens because of this? Well,
this lack of confidence
also often prevents the victim
from leaving the relationship.
So like you said, they’re really reliant on them.
Exactly. Now we’re going to talk a little bit more
about this in the next section and what we can do about it.
So let’s get right into our next reading right now.
Gaslighting
It can be difficult for victims to recognize gaslighting
because it is confusing by its very nature.
Victims can take pictures,
keep a secret diary,
or record voice notes
soon after an event occurs
to help them confirm the accuracy of their memory.
Telling someone about the situation is also helpful
if that person can keep it confidential.
我們來看 confidential 這個形容詞。它的意思是機密的或是保密的。
譬如：Ethan wasn’t comfortable with the confidential tone the stranger was using as he told Ethan about his troubles.
當這位陌生人用一種保密的語氣向 Ethan 訴說他的煩惱時，Ethan 感到很不自在。
Confidential 的副詞是 confidentially，是指保密地。
比如：Speaking confidentially to his brother because he knew he could trust him, Matt said, "I’m going to ask Elsa to marry me."
Matt 知道他可以信任他的弟弟，就悄悄地對他說：「我要向 Elsa 求婚。」
Confidential 的名詞是 confidentiality，發音是 /ˌkɑːn.fə.den.ʃiˈæl.ə.t̬i/，重音在第五個音節喔。意思是保密。
例如：Before we begin this meeting, I must ask all of you to treat the information we share with complete confidentiality.
在開始會議之前，我們必須請各位對我們共享的資訊絕對保密。
另外，confidentiality agreement 就是指保密協議。
All right, well,
gaslighting is certainly not a happy thing to think about,
and today I think one of the
important things that we’re talking about
is how to figure out
whether or not something is gaslighting or something else.
Exactly. So here
we read:
It can be difficult for victims to recognize gaslighting
because it is confusing by its very nature.
Now, if you’re going to recognize something,
it means that you can identify it,
or sometimes it means you can remember something, right?
You might say,
"I recognize that song from the radio." You remember it.
You could also recognize a person—
you remember that you’ve seen them before.
Here, we’re recognizing a concept.
Exactly.
And sometimes it can be
hard to recognize the fact that you’re being gaslit. Why?
Because it’s confusing by its very nature.
What does that mean? Well,
it’s the kind of thing that something is—
that’s a little bit confusing.
We’re not talking about nature as in "outside."
Let’s use an example, okay?
Here’s how you could use nature in a sentence:
"It is in his nature to be kind."
That’s just how he is—
that’s the basic quality of him.
Exactly. Well,
it is confusing by its very nature.
Victims can take pictures,
keep a secret diary, or record voice notes
soon after an event occurs
to help them confirm the accuracy of their memory.
So these are some tools someone can use
to help them if they’re being gaslit.
I really like this idea because it is a concrete way
for you to know
a narrative—for you to know what exactly happened.
Especially photos—
photos are kind of hard to fake. They can be sometimes,
but if you are trying to remember a certain event,
it can be helpful.
Now we are going to talk
about this word accuracy here for a minute.
Sure. Now,
the word accuracy here means being correct or exact.
That’s right. So
here’s an example of how you could use
accuracy in a sentence:
"The accuracy of the report is important."
It’s important that it is correct, and there
it means that the facts in that report are true.
They’ve been careful about the words that they chose
so that nothing in it is wrong or too confusing.
I think that’s a really good point.
Sometimes we think we remember things a certain way,
and we could be wrong.
And it’s especially hard
to know if our memories are accurate
when we’re dealing with a gaslighter.
Right—it’s easy to get our memories confused.
Well, we read on:
"Telling someone about the situation is also helpful
if that person can keep it confidential."
Ah, confidential—
that’s the word that we saw there in our Language Lab.
I also really like this tip as well.
Yesterday, I mentioned that I
had been a victim of gaslighting in the past.
This is the thing that helped me the most—
just talking to other people
who went through the same situation
helped me
understand if I was remembering things correctly or not.
Right. And remember,
we heard that when you’re in this gaslighting situation,
you’re made to be—well—really reliant on the other person.
But
if you can talk to some friends or people that you trust,
maybe, well,
you can get help from outside that relationship.
Definitely.
All right, friends,
we have a little more to talk about
when it comes to gaslighting in just a moment,
but first let’s go to today’s Info Cloud.
Hello everyone, welcome to Info Cloud.
Rex, remember when I
bought that authentic Rembrandt painting online?
Oh yes—
that turned out to be a print instead of a
one-of-a-kind piece, right?
That’s right.
The seller really pulled the wool over my eyes.
Oh, that was unfortunate.
But it’s a good example of a phrase we can teach.
To pull the wool over someone’s eyes
means to deceive or trick them—
often by hiding the truth.
Exactly.
It’s like when someone promises something amazing
but delivers something disappointing—
or worse, something fake.
I know it’s an old phrase,
but where does it come from?
Well, many people believe it comes from the 17th century,
when people wore wigs.
If the wig—or wool—was pulled over your eyes,
you couldn’t see clearly,
making it easier to fool you.
Interesting.
And today it’s a warning to be cautious.
For example,
a too-good-to-be-true deal might
be someone trying to pull the wool over your eyes.
Friends, always double-check what you’re getting into.
Don’t let anyone pull the wool over your eyes.
It’s better to be safe than sorry.
pull the wool over someone’s eyes
蒙蔽一個人，想要欺騙他
pull the wool over someone’s eyes
蒙蔽一個人，想要欺騙他
現在的社會詐騙事件層出不窮，今天要跟大家介紹的用語是：
pull the wool over someone’s eyes字面上是把羊毛拉下來遮蓋某人的眼睛，意思就是蒙蔽一個人，想要欺騙他。
Pull the wool over someone’s eyes 源自於以前的假髮經常是用羊毛做的。
當假髮沒戴好，蓋住眼睛就會看不清楚，因此 pull the wool over someone’s eyes 就是有蒙蔽某人的意思。
The seller really pulled the wool over my eyes.
那位賣家真的欺騙了我，意思就是把假的東西賣給我。
這就是今天的 Info Cloud，我們下次雲端見。
Gaslighting
Gaslighting
Signs of this abuse can also show up in the victim’s behavior.
They might ask you to confirm their memories often,
or express a belief that they are crazy
or are not competent.
They may frequently apologize for their own behavior
while defending the gaslighter.
These behaviors may be caused by factors
other than gaslighting,
but they are red flags.
Gaslighting may not cause physical harm,
but it does damage a person’s self-esteem
and hamper their success,
so it must be taken seriously.
接下來看 hamper 這個動詞，意思是阻礙或是妨礙。
來看例句：
The strong winds coming from the east are hampering the firefighters' efforts to stop the fire.
從東面吹來的強風阻礙了消防員的滅火工作。
或是：
Olivia tried to study at a coffee shop, but the music hampered her ability to concentrate.
Olivia 試著在咖啡館裡讀書，但音樂妨礙了她的專注力。
再看一句：
Your English might not be perfect, but don’t let that hamper you from befriending foreign students on campus.
你的英語也許不完美，但不要因此而妨礙你跟校園裡的外國學生交朋友。
So remember, today
we’re trying to figure out how to tell if something
is gaslighting or if it’s something else.
Maybe we can figure that out by looking at the victim.
That’s a good point. Let’s see what our article has to say.
Signs of this abuse can also
show up in the victim’s behavior.
They might ask you to confirm their memories often,
or express a belief that they are crazy or are not competent.
So this is if you’re talking to someone who may be going
through the situation of being gaslit.
Yeah, it’s important to pay attention to this
if you’re trying to help someone out.
Now, let’s talk about that word competent there.
You might hear this word a lot in the workplace.
Someone who is competent
is able to do something well. For example,
someone might be a competent engineer.
That means they are an engineer and they do their job well.
The opposite, of course, is to be incompetent.
A lot of times we do say this about people in general
when they are not able to handle daily tasks or work tasks very well.
We say they are incompetent.
Yes, the company wants competent people.
Well, someone who’s being gaslit might
not feel like they are competent.
They may frequently apologize
for their own behavior
while defending the gaslighter.
They’ve been tricked to think that they are the problem.
That’s why they are doing this.
These behaviors may be caused by factors other
than gaslighting.
Remember yesterday we talked about that
gaslighting is often
in conjunction with other forms of abuse.
Right. So we see that these things are red flags,
even if they’re not exactly
gaslighting.
Now, what exactly is a red flag?
This is something I have seen all over social media recently:
red flags and green flags.
If you see a red flag,
it means that it is a warning sign of danger or problems.
We often talk about red flags in relationships,
especially when you first start dating someone—
you are looking for red flags,
a warning sign that there might be a problem underneath.
Yeah, you might say:
His bad attitude toward the waiter at the restaurant
was a red flag about his personality.
Exactly.
You’re not necessarily seeing his whole personality in this situation,
but one bad attitude toward one person is a red flag.
Well, let’s continue.
Gaslighting may not cause physical harm—
you might not get hurt in your body—
but it does damage a person’s self-esteem
and hamper their success.
Okay, self-esteem is something that we’ve looked at before, friends.
Let’s review it together now.
Self-esteem is the idea of having confidence in yourself.
Yep. Compliments to someone else
can help build their self-esteem.
They can help them feel better about themselves.
Now, we see here
that because of all of the consequences of gaslighting,
we have to take it seriously.
If you are taking something seriously,
it means that you have to consider it to be important
or consider it to be true.
I know that some people hear about gaslighting
and they think,
“That’s not real. It doesn’t happen.”
Well, it does need to be taken seriously
because some people are going through this form of abuse.
Right. If you have really serious pain in your body,
it’s important to take that seriously and go to the hospital.
Don’t just say it’ll get better on its own,
because it could be worse than you think.
It definitely could.
All right, well,
we see here that gaslighting is a very serious problem.
But there are some things that you can
do to keep yourself from being gaslit
or to get out of a situation
where someone is constantly gaslighting you.
Right. Remember,
you can take some notes to keep track of what
true events happened,
and make sure you talk to a friend
or someone you can trust.
Definitely.
We have more to talk about in just a moment,
but let’s first go to today’s Fun Fact.
Hello, fact friends!
I am Detective Ernest Finder,
and I have a fun fact for you today!
Did you know that lying to people is very wrong?
Another word for lying is deceiving.
Hmm, it’s true!
If you deceive someone,
you are making them believe a lie.
Don’t do it!
The truth will set you free.
Don’t gaslight people!
And that is today’s Fun Fact.
All right, well,
hopefully we are not gaslighting anyone,
we’re not victims of gaslighting.
But how would you help someone
who is a victim of gaslighting in your life?
Anne Marie, this is a great question.
I think it’s a good one for all of us to think about.
Because even if we aren’t personally gaslit,
we probably know some people who are going through it.
I would suggest that you find a safe person to talk to,
who can help you confirm your memories
and confirm what’s going on in the situation.
They can often give you advice
because they’re outside of the situation
and can tell you what to do next.
And if you’re that person listening—
listen patiently.
Don’t come to conclusions quickly
and assume that that person is wrong.
Try to understand the whole situation.
That’s a really good point.
Well, friends, that’s all the time we have for today.
My name is Anne Marie.
And my name is Garrett.
We’ll see you next time—
right here on Studio Classroom.
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