Introduction:

1.      Highly contagious viral illness(airborne)傳染力極強(空氣傳播)

2.      Only one serotype僅一種血清型，痊癒後終身免疫

3.      30yr or under 1yr 30歲左右以及小於一歲常見

4.      Incubation period:7-18 days 潛伏期為7~18天

5.      Later winter and spring 晚冬至春天易發

6.      Communicability:±4 days after rash onset 初診前後四天為可傳染期

Clinical presentation:

1.      High fever (with maculopapular) 高燒伴隨斑丘疹

2.      Cough咳嗽

3.      Runny nose 鼻炎

4.      Conjunctivitis 結膜炎

5.      Koplik spots(high specificity) :柯氏斑，自下臼齒內側出現(特異性高)

6.      Measles rash(maculopapular):7days(自髮際線開始出疹，一路向下；7天後消退

Complications:

1.    Otitis media(7.3%) 中耳炎

2.    Pneumonia(5.9) 肺炎

3.    Encephalitis 腦炎

1.    Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis(SSPE)

Treatment and prevention:

1.      MMR vaccine MMR疫苗的施打可預防

2.      Supportive and symptomic therapy 以支持與症狀療法為主

Reference:

1.CDC, https://www.cdc.gov.tw/professional/info.aspx?treeid=10e4730dbc2eb10f&nowtreeid=07102a12fab0ba31&tid=34360331B175CCA9