6/2
1. crack (v.) /kræk/
a. to break (something) so that there are lines in its surface but it is usually not separated into pieces
b. to hit or press (something) so hard that it breaks apart or opens suddenly
c. to fail in tone
ex: The mirror cracked when she dropped it.
2. petrified (adj.) /ˈpetrɪfaɪd/
a. extremely frightened, especially so that you cannot move or decide what to do
b. a petrified plant or animal has died and gradually changed into stone
ex: She is absolutely petrified of snakes.
3. deprogram (adj.) / dē-ˈprō-ˌgram, -grəm /
a. To counteract or try to counteract the effect of an indoctrination, especially a religious or cult indoctrination.
ex: Deprogramming is an attempt to force a person to abandon allegiance to a religious, political, economic, or social group.
4. associate (v.) /əˈsəʊsiˌeɪt/
a. to form a connection in your mind between different people or things
b. to be together with another person or group as friends, partners, etc.
ex: How do humans associate these seemingly opposed ideas?
5. malleable (adj.) /ˈmæliəb(ə)l/
a. a malleable metal or substance is easy to press into different shapes
b. a malleable person is easy to persuade or influence
ex: The cult leader took advantage of the malleable, compliant personalities of his followers.
6/3
1. skimp (v.) /skɪmp/
a. to not use or provide enough of something
b. to not spend enough money on something
ex: The dessert was good but they had skimped on the chocolate sauce.
2. slack (adj.) /slæk/
a. loose and not pulled tight
b. not taking enough care to make sure that something is done well
c. not as busy or successful as usual in business
ex: Some slack defending allowed Valencia to score another goal.
3. faux (adj.) /fəʊ/
a. artificial
b. faux marble
ex: Even the animal rights activists were fooled by the faux furs.
4. guzzle (v.) /ˈɡʌz(ə)l/
a. to eat or drink a lot quickly and with great enthusiasm
ex: Teenagers sneaking out to guzzle in the woods.
5. trump (n.) /trʌmp/
a. a card belonging to the suit (=one of the four types of cards) that players decide will be worth the most in a card game
b. a dependable and exemplary person
ex: At the last minute, Jean came up trumps and sorted everything out.
6/4
1. sans (n.) /sænz/
a. without
ex: She went to the party sans her husband.
2. cognizant (adj.) / ˈkäg-nə-zənt /
a. aware of something
b. knowledgeable of something especially through personal experience
ex: He is cognizant of his duties as a father.
3. mediocre (adj.) /ˌmiːdiˈəʊkə(r)/
a. average or below average in quality, ability, or achievement
b. not very good
ex: The dinner was delicious, but the dessert was mediocre.
4. yammer (v.) /ˈjæmə(r)/
a. to talk or complain a lot
b. to utter repeated cries of distress or sorrow
c. to utter persistent complaints
ex: Customers yammered on for what seemed like days about the billing mistake.
5. respite (n.) /ˈrespɪt/
a. a short period of rest from having to deal with a difficult or unpleasant situation
b. an interval of rest or relief
ex: The bad weather has continued without respite.
6/5
1. mediate (v.) /ˈmiːdieɪt/
a. to try to end a disagreement between two people or groups
b. to find an agreement or solution that settles a disagreement
c. to influence or cause a process or event
ex: They mediate territorial disputes between neighboring nations.
2. cheeky (adj.) /ˈtʃiːki/
a. behaving in a way that does not show respect, especially towards someone who is older or more important
b. showing a lack of respect, but in a way that seems lively and attractive rather than rude
ex: You're a cheeky little boy!
3. denizen (n.) /ˈdenɪz(ə)n/
a. someone or something that lives in a particular place or goes there often
b. one that frequents a place
ex: One of those muscle-bound denizens of the gym.
4. primal (adj.) /ˈpraɪm(ə)l/
a. relating to something very basic, especially very basic needs or emotions
b. first in importance
ex: There was a period of primal idealism after the founding of the republic and before the rise of partisan politics.
5. conquer (v.) /ˈkɒŋkə(r)/
a. to take control of (a country, city, etc.) through the use of force
b. to gain control of (a problem or difficulty) through great effort
c. to gain or acquire by force of arms
ex: He finally conquered his drug habit.
6/6
1. ticker (n.) /ˈtɪkə(r)/
a. your heart
b. a machine that receives and prints out stock prices and other news on long, thin pieces of paper
c. a narrow area that shows information across the top or bottom of a television or computer screen
ex: The news came over the ticker.
2. seatmate (adj.) /ˈkævə(r)nəs/
a. a person who sits next to you on a bus, airplane, etc.
b. one with whom one shares a seat
ex: My seatmate on the flight to Rome was very friendly.
3. foresees (v.) /fɔː(r)ˈsiː/
a. to see or know something that will happen in the future
ex: We couldn't have foreseen the consequences of our actions.
4. scenarios (n.) /səˈnɑːriəʊ/
a. a situation that could possibly happen
b. a written description of what happens in a play or film
ex: The most likely scenario is that Brooks will resign.
5. discard (v.) /dɪsˈkɑː(r)d/
a. to get rid of something that you no longer want or need
b. to remove (a playing card) from your hand in a card game
ex: The gang discarded their weapons after the attack.
6/6 英文上課筆記
1. a. motivation: a feeling of enthusiasm or interest that makes you determined to do something
b. preparation: the process of making someone or something ready for something
c. anticipation: a feeling of excitement about something enjoyable that is going to happen soon
2. What is that? What is that for? What should we care?
3. MLA style
Modern Language Association (MLA) style for documentation is widely used in the humanities, especially in writing on language and literature. Generally simpler and more concise than other styles, MLA style features brief parenthetical citations in the text keyed to an alphabetical list of works cited that appears at the end of the work.
4. APA style
American Psychological Association (APA) style is an academic format specified in The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, a style guide that offers academic authors guidance on various subjects for the submission of papers to the publications of APA. The APA states that the guidelines were developed to assist reading comprehension in the social and behavioral sciences, for clarity of communication, and for "word choice that best reduces bias in language"
5. mandatory (adj.)
ordered by a law or rule
ex: A new accounting system will soon become mandatory for all departments.
6. compulsory (adj.)
something that is compulsory must be done because of a rule or law
ex: School uniform is no longer compulsory in many British schools.
