Earthquake (地震)
廖 柏 森
地震earthquake也常用quake取代，而測量地震強度大小的單位是用Richter magnitude scale 芮氏地震規模，或簡稱magnitude， 如下句:
The city was badly shaken by a 7.6-magnitude quake that killed at least 700 people.
這個城市慘遭震度7.6級地震襲擊，造成至少700人喪生。
相關字彙如震央為epicenter，斷層為fault，而餘震就用aftershock來表達，如下句:
The two latest aftershocks shook New Zealand’s city of Christchurch.
兩起最新的餘震又震動了紐西蘭的基督城。
l 動詞+ earthquake
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v.
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n.
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中譯
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cause / generate / set off
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earthquake
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引發地震
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predict
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預測地震
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survive
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從地震中存活
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withstand
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抵擋地震
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例句:
The earthquake in California last week came without warning and highlighted the need for a reliable method of predicting earthquakes.
上週加州無預警發生地震，更凸顯有效預測地震方法的重要性。
The building had survived the earthquake.
這棟建築物曾歷經地震而屹立不搖。
l 形容詞 + earthquake
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adj.
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n.
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中譯
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devastating
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earthquake
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毀滅性的地震
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major / massive / powerful / severe
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大地震
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mild / moderate
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輕微的地震
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例句:
The Ministry of the Interior staged a drill to simulate a massive earthquake hitting the Hsinchu Science Park.
內政部舉辦模擬大地震襲擊新竹科學園區的演習。
Aftershocks continue to rattle northwestern China, following a powerful earthquake.
中國西北部遭強烈地震襲擊後，又持續發生餘震。
l earthquake + 動詞
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n.
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v.
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中譯
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earthquake
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destroy / ravage
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地震摧毀
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hit / strike
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地震侵襲
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jolt / rattle / rock / shake
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地震搖動
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kill
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地震殺害
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occur
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地震發生
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touch off
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地震引起
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例句:
Although 70-80 percent of earthquakes hit eastern Taiwan, the heaviest casualties often occur in western Taiwan.
雖然70%至80%的地震侵襲東台灣，但最慘重的傷亡通常卻發生在西台灣。
A magnitude 4 earthquake jolted eastern Taiwan’s Taitung County yesterday.
昨日台灣東部的台東縣因4級地震而晃動。
A powerful earthquake ravaged the northeastern district of Japan’s Honshu Island.
強烈的地震摧毀了日本本州的東北地區。
A magnitude 6.4 earthquake followed by a series of strong aftershocks struck in a remote area of Alaska’s Aleutian Islands.
震度6.4級地震以及其後一系列強烈餘震，襲擊阿拉斯加偏遠地區的阿留申群島。
相關詞彙搭配:
impending seismic disaster: 逼近的地震災害
to trigger devastating landslides, tearing down homes and destroying roads vital to relief efforts: 引發毀滅性山崩、房屋倒塌、救援道路中斷
A strong aftershock rattled the walls. : 強烈餘震撼動牆壁。
Rescuers dug through rubble with their bare hands in a frantic search for survivors. : 搜救人員徒手挖掘瓦礫堆，拼命尋找生存者。
The area was only accessible by motorcycle, foot or helicopter, and local police had few resources to search for survivors. : 災區只能靠機車、徒步或直昇機抵達，當地警方僅有少數資源能搜救生還者。
The death toll was likely to rise. :死亡人數可能還會增加。
