Putin accuses the West of provoking the war in Ukraine; Xi rejects criticism of China’s political model...

中國領導人習近平會見了南非總統(Cyril Ramaphosa),表示金磚國家應共衕努力促進繁榮,衕時還駁斥了美國及西方國家,針對中國政治模式的批評和孤立中國的舉動。習近平表示,要尊重各國自主選擇的現代化道路,反對意識形態對立,制度對抗,文明沖突。

習近平,發起了“全球安全倡議”(Global Security Initiative)

和“全球發展倡議”(Global Development Initiative)等項目,尋求將中國置於國際秩序的中心,他表示他支持金磚國家擴容,推動全球治理朝著更加公正合理的方向發展。金磚國家擴容也將使中國在與西方對峙之際擁有更大影響力。中國是世界第二大經濟體。.

國際戰略觀察家分析認為2023.BRICS.達成重要目標議題.

1:擴大組織成員參加BRICS.目前已經有45個國家提出申請加入.重新審議入會資格與程序,傳聞法國有興趣加入BRICS,目前共有23個國家提出正式申請加入金磚國家集團。另外22個國家表示有意加入該集團,但尚未提交正式申請。這意味著45個國家有意願加入。

2:加強並加速去美元化進程,倡議國際貿易利用本幣與人民幣結算,擴大人民幣在國際金融市場佔有率,並研究發行金磚會員國專用貨幣,對抗美元霸權.金磚銀行擴大資本額預期10兆美元.BRICS bank (New Development Bank).

3:加強BRICS.成員國與觀察會員國,經濟,貿易,旅遊,文化交流並與西方G7.對抗..

.4:加強處理個會員國及觀察會員國之間氣候變遷,金融組織架構,農業生產及糧食短缺問題 .

5:美國及西方國家認為,由中國主導的BRICS.短期內無法與G7.抗衡,但是如果增加了45 個新會員國加入BRICS.這樣一來G7,面臨嚴重的挑戰,如同WORLD BANK,IMF.提出的研究報告顯示出2045.年左右,BRICS.足夠取代G7.達1/2.以上..

45 Countries Prepare To Join BRICS Weeks Before Summit.

In the latest update, a total of 45 countries are preparing to join the BRICS alliance weeks ahead of the summit. The new country that expressed interest and formally submitted its application to join the BRICS bloc is Palestine. A growing number of countries are showing discontent with the U.S. dollar and America’s control over global finances. Therefore, BRICS is making use of the dissatisfaction by convincing other countries to ditch the U.S. dollar and trade in native currencies.

Also Read: BRICS Bank To Increase Funding in Local Currency, Ditching U.S. Dollar

BRICS is successful in convincing other countries to settle cross-border transactions in local currencies sidelining the U.S. dollar. Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, and ASEAN countries are ditching the U.S. dollar and looking to promote local currencies for trade...

As uncertainty surrounds Putins attendance at the upcoming BRICS Summit, discussions of a new BRICS currency reflect their pursuit to challenge the dominance of the US dollar.

The BRICS have emerged as a powerful alliance of emerging-market economies over the course of the 21st century. Comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa as their acronym alludes to, the group has increasingly become the bricks and mortar which supports the global economy.

Just this year, the BRICS overtook the G7’s global GDP contribution, with the group accounting for almost one-third of worldwide economic activity. Amid growing economic stagnation in the West, the BRICS even floated the idea of their own global reserve currency, looking to shatter the stranglehold the US Dollar has had since the collapse of Bretton Woods in 1971...

• One notable drawback of these groups is their exclusive nature, leaving emerging economies and Least Developed Countries with limited representation and influence in policy coordination.
• The G7 has been arguably the most influential group, with the United States at its core, thanks to the U.S. dollar’s designation as the global reserve currency. Consequently, the world has relied heavily on the USD for international trade and negotiations.
• The United States has often leveraged this dominance to further its interests, leading to actions such as freezing cash reserves and imposing sanctions on countries with conflicting agendas..
• In a bid to decouple their economic activities from being reliant on the USD, the group launched the BRICS Interbank Cooperation Mechanism to facilitate cross-border payments between member countries in local currencies.  
• There have been reports of the bloc taking things to the next level with a BRICS currency. This is something to look out for at the 2023 summit. Unlike the USD, several reports have captured that the BRICS currency will not be fiat. That is, it will be backed by precious metals and other assets. 

BRICS bank (New Development Bank).董事長由巴西前總統擔任.位於中國上海.

.The New Development Bank (NDB) is a multilateral development bank established by Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) with the purpose of mobilising resources for infrastructure and sustainable development projects in emerging markets and developing countries (EMDCs).Our strong mandate and potential put us in a unique position to contribute to global growth and development.

.BRICS bank (New Development Bank)

Economic development, another priority of the bloc, will form one of the subjects of discussion during the summit. The group seeks to foster economic growth through strategic resource deployment from the New Development Bank headquartered in Shanghai. This initiative is aimed at addressing poverty and providing support to developing countries. 

• Ma Zhaoxu, the Chinese foreign minister, declared his belief in the activities of the BRICS institution to enable development initiatives for developing countries and help them win the fight against poverty.  
• In his words, “I believe the enlargement of the BRICS will be beneficial to the BRICS countries, developing countries, increase representation, and gather the power of the BRICS to serve the interest of the developing countries and emerging market economies, as well as the international development cause.”

.Percentage contribution of the #G7 countries and #BRICS to the world economy by years.

1992: BRICS - 16.45%, G7 - 45.80%

2002: BRICS - 19.34%, G7 - 42.34%

2012: BRICS - 28.28%, G7 - 32.82%

2022: BRICS - 31.67%, G7 - 30.31%.

Forecast-2028: BRICS-33.65%, G7-27.77%..

.Putin will still participate in the BRICS Summit 2023 through a video link. The invitation to Putin sparked national and international controversy, given the accusations of war crimes in Ukraine and concerns about South Africa’s position in the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

Various groups, including the Democratic Alliance and Amnesty International, pushed for Putin’s arrest if he visited the country. President Cyril Ramaphosa opposed such a move, citing national security concerns and Russia’s warning that arresting its president would be considered a declaration of war.

Russia has consistently dismissed the ICC arrest warrant, asserting that it is not a member of the organization. Africa remains divided over the Russia-Ukraine conflict, with some nations hesitant to support UN resolutions condemning Russia’s actions due to economic ties with Moscow.

.202308..中俄在金磚峰會上對美國及西國家方發起猛烈抨擊.

.中俄力推金磚國家擴容，印度、巴西態度遲疑 中美在分歧加劇之際試圖拉攏一些國家站在自己一邊 視頻：中國和俄羅斯為何力推金磚國家擴容？ 中俄在金磚峰會上對西方發起猛烈抨擊.

.俄羅斯和中國借本周舉行的金磚國家峰會表達了對西方國家的不滿，展現出發展中經濟體捍衛者的姿態，并解釋了為什么要建立另一套國際秩序。

俄羅斯總統普京(Vladimir Putin)以視頻連線的方式參加了這場在南非舉行的峰會并發表講話,他指責西方通過制裁來阻礙俄羅斯的糧食和化肥銷售,挑起了從烏克蘭戰爭到全球通脹以及最脆弱國家鬧飢荒等一系列問題。

普京抨擊了西方的制裁,并稱贊金磚國家是去美元化的重要工具中,俄兩國政府都在推行去美元化政策,該政策旨在將美元擠出雙邊貿易,特別是在亞洲,非洲和南美洲。普京嚴厲批判美國與歐盟,凍結俄羅斯海外的資產總金融3000餘億美元,而且玩弄2手策略,要求俄羅斯停戰,並退出烏克蘭,就歸還上述的俄羅斯資產.

普京的身后擺放著其他各個金磚國家的國旗，他說：“我們在烏克蘭的行動只有一個目的，那就是結束西方發動的戰爭。”

金磚國家最初是根據其經濟增速而被划分在一起的,現在該集團占全球經濟總量的四分之一強,人口約占世界總人口的42%。.

...

.BRICS countries account for over a quarter of the world’s GDP, 27% of the world’s land surface, and about 42% of the global population.

• Many argue that the BRICS group has the potential to rival the influence of the G7, evidenced by its initiatives in financial reserves, development economics, currencies, and payments.

What to

Putin accuses the West of provoking the war in Ukraine; Xi rejects criticism of China’s political model...

中國領導人習近平會見了南非總統(Cyril Ramaphosa),表示金磚國家應共衕努力促進繁榮,衕時還駁斥了美國及西方國家,針對中國政治模式的批評和孤立中國的舉動。習近平表示,要尊重各國自主選擇的現代化道路,反對意識形態對立,制度對抗,文明沖突。

習近平,發起了“全球安全倡議”(Global Security Initiative)

和“全球發展倡議”(Global Development Initiative)等項目,尋求將中國置於國際秩序的中心,他表示他支持金磚國家擴容,推動全球治理朝著更加公正合理的方向發展。金磚國家擴容也將使中國在與西方對峙之際擁有更大影響力。中國是世界第二大經濟體。.

國際戰略觀察家分析認為2023.BRICS.達成重要目標議題.

1:擴大組織成員參加BRICS.目前已經有45個國家提出申請加入.重新審議入會資格與程序,傳聞法國有興趣加入BRICS,目前共有23個國家提出正式申請加入金磚國家集團。另外22個國家表示有意加入該集團,但尚未提交正式申請。這意味著45個國家有意願加入。

2:加強並加速去美元化進程,倡議國際貿易利用本幣與人民幣結算,擴大人民幣在國際金融市場佔有率,並研究發行金磚會員國專用貨幣,對抗美元霸權.金磚銀行擴大資本額預期10兆美元.BRICS bank (New Development Bank).

3:加強BRICS.成員國與觀察會員國,經濟,貿易,旅遊,文化交流並與西方G7.對抗..

.4:加強處理個會員國及觀察會員國之間氣候變遷,金融組織架構,農業生產及糧食短缺問題 .

5:美國及西方國家認為,由中國主導的BRICS.短期內無法與G7.抗衡,但是如果增加了45 個新會員國加入BRICS.這樣一來G7,面臨嚴重的挑戰,如同WORLD BANK,IMF.提出的研究報告顯示出2045.年左右,BRICS.足夠取代G7.達1/2.以上..

45 Countries Prepare To Join BRICS Weeks Before Summit.

In the latest update, a total of 45 countries are preparing to join the BRICS alliance weeks ahead of the summit. The new country that expressed interest and formally submitted its application to join the BRICS bloc is Palestine. A growing number of countries are showing discontent with the U.S. dollar and America’s control over global finances. Therefore, BRICS is making use of the dissatisfaction by convincing other countries to ditch the U.S. dollar and trade in native currencies.

Also Read: BRICS Bank To Increase Funding in Local Currency, Ditching U.S. Dollar

BRICS is successful in convincing other countries to settle cross-border transactions in local currencies sidelining the U.S. dollar. Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, and ASEAN countries are ditching the U.S. dollar and looking to promote local currencies for trade...

As uncertainty surrounds Putins attendance at the upcoming BRICS Summit, discussions of a new BRICS currency reflect their pursuit to challenge the dominance of the US dollar.

The BRICS have emerged as a powerful alliance of emerging-market economies over the course of the 21st century. Comprising Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa as their acronym alludes to, the group has increasingly become the bricks and mortar which supports the global economy.

Just this year, the BRICS overtook the G7’s global GDP contribution, with the group accounting for almost one-third of worldwide economic activity. Amid growing economic stagnation in the West, the BRICS even floated the idea of their own global reserve currency, looking to shatter the stranglehold the US Dollar has had since the collapse of Bretton Woods in 1971...

• One notable drawback of these groups is their exclusive nature, leaving emerging economies and Least Developed Countries with limited representation and influence in policy coordination.
• The G7 has been arguably the most influential group, with the United States at its core, thanks to the U.S. dollar’s designation as the global reserve currency. Consequently, the world has relied heavily on the USD for international trade and negotiations.
• The United States has often leveraged this dominance to further its interests, leading to actions such as freezing cash reserves and imposing sanctions on countries with conflicting agendas..
• In a bid to decouple their economic activities from being reliant on the USD, the group launched the BRICS Interbank Cooperation Mechanism to facilitate cross-border payments between member countries in local currencies.  
• There have been reports of the bloc taking things to the next level with a BRICS currency. This is something to look out for at the 2023 summit. Unlike the USD, several reports have captured that the BRICS currency will not be fiat. That is, it will be backed by precious metals and other assets. 

.

BRICS bank (New Development Bank)

Economic development, another priority of the bloc, will form one of the subjects of discussion during the summit. The group seeks to foster economic growth through strategic resource deployment from the New Development Bank headquartered in Shanghai. This initiative is aimed at addressing poverty and providing support to developing countries. 

• Ma Zhaoxu, the Chinese foreign minister, declared his belief in the activities of the BRICS institution to enable development initiatives for developing countries and help them win the fight against poverty.  
• In his words, “I believe the enlargement of the BRICS will be beneficial to the BRICS countries, developing countries, increase representation, and gather the power of the BRICS to serve the interest of the developing countries and emerging market economies, as well as the international development cause.”

.Percentage contribution of the #G7 countries and #BRICS to the world economy by years.

1992: BRICS - 16.45%, G7 - 45.80%

2002: BRICS - 19.34%, G7 - 42.34%

2012: BRICS - 28.28%, G7 - 32.82%

2022: BRICS - 31.67%, G7 - 30.31%.

Forecast-2028: BRICS-33.65%, G7-27.77%..

.Putin will still participate in the BRICS Summit 2023 through a video link. The invitation to Putin sparked national and international controversy, given the accusations of war crimes in Ukraine and concerns about South Africa’s position in the Russia-Ukraine conflict.

Various groups, including the Democratic Alliance and Amnesty International, pushed for Putin’s arrest if he visited the country. President Cyril Ramaphosa opposed such a move, citing national security concerns and Russia’s warning that arresting its president would be considered a declaration of war.

Russia has consistently dismissed the ICC arrest warrant, asserting that it is not a member of the organization. Africa remains divided over the Russia-Ukraine conflict, with some nations hesitant to support UN resolutions condemning Russia’s actions due to economic ties with Moscow.

.202308..中俄在金磚峰會上對美國及西國家方發起猛烈抨擊.

.中俄力推金磚國家擴容，印度、巴西態度遲疑 中美在分歧加劇之際試圖拉攏一些國家站在自己一邊 視頻：中國和俄羅斯為何力推金磚國家擴容？ 中俄在金磚峰會上對西方發起猛烈抨擊.

.俄羅斯和中國借本周舉行的金磚國家峰會表達了對西方國家的不滿，展現出發展中經濟體捍衛者的姿態，并解釋了為什么要建立另一套國際秩序。

俄羅斯總統普京(Vladimir Putin)以視頻連線的方式參加了這場在南非舉行的峰會并發表講話,他指責西方通過制裁來阻礙俄羅斯的糧食和化肥銷售,挑起了從烏克蘭戰爭到全球通脹以及最脆弱國家鬧飢荒等一系列問題。

普京抨擊了西方的制裁,并稱贊金磚國家是去美元化的重要工具中,俄兩國政府都在推行去美元化政策,該政策旨在將美元擠出雙邊貿易,特別是在亞洲,非洲和南美洲。普京嚴厲批判美國與歐盟,凍結俄羅斯海外的資產總金融3000餘億美元,而且玩弄2手策略,要求俄羅斯停戰,並退出烏克蘭,就歸還上述的俄羅斯資產.

普京的身后擺放著其他各個金磚國家的國旗，他說：“我們在烏克蘭的行動只有一個目的，那就是結束西方發動的戰爭。”

金磚國家最初是根據其經濟增速而被划分在一起的,現在該集團占全球經濟總量的四分之一強,人口約占世界總人口的42%。.

..BRICS countries account for over a quarter of the world’s GDP, 27% of the world’s land surface, and about 42% of the global population.

• Many argue that the BRICS group has the potential to rival the influence of the G7, evidenced by its initiatives in financial reserves, development economics, currencies, and payments.

 Expect at the BRICS Summit 2023

The BRICS Summit 2023 agenda is expected to cover trade and investment facilitation, sustainable development, innovation, and global governance reform. However, one of the key points in this 15th BRICS summit will be a discussion of the BRICS’s controversial proposition of a new, gold-backed currency.

This policy reflects the BRICS’s desire to reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar, although many question the motivations behind it. Some suggest that the move is designed to cement the BRICS’s place at the head of the global economy, while others think that it is designed as a reactive measure to economic problems within the group. Either way, it is likely that a perceived weakness of the US both economically and diplomatically has BRICS members contributed to the timing of the announcement..

.De-dollarisation momentum has been building, with Russia, China, and Brazil increasingly using non-dollar currencies in cross-border transactions. The Russian invasion of Ukraine and subsequent Western sanctions have further motivated these efforts. The BRICS nations have also explored the possibility of a BRICS cryptocurrency and strategic alignment of Central Bank Digital Currencies for currency interoperability and economic integration.

A new BRICS currency would require extensive negotiation and the establishment of mechanisms for exchange rates, payment systems, and financial market regulation. However, the group’s focus may initially be on developing an efficient integrated payment system for cross-border transactions before introducing a new currency.

Will Putin Attend the BRICS South African Summit Amidst Ukraine War Concerns?

The attendance of Russian President Vladimir Putin at the upcoming BRICS summit in South Africa remains uncertain due to the International Criminal Court (ICC) warrant for his arrest on charges of war crimes in Ukraine. The ICC’s indictment, issued in response to Russia’s actions in Ukraine, has raised questions about the potential arrest of Putin if he were to attend the summit. South Africa, as a party to the ICC, would theoretically be required to arrest Putin and send him to The Hague for trial. It is currently unclear whether they would honour this commitment...

Shedding Light on the Challenges & Opportunities of the BRICS Summit 2023.

The BRICS nations’ discussions about a joint currency reflect their aspirations to diversify away from the dominance of the U.S. dollar, even if the motivations behind this are unclear..

Together, the BRICS countries have already overtaken the Group of Seven (G7) advanced economies in terms of their contribution to global gross domestic product, with the group now accounting for almost a third of worldwide economic activity measured by purchasing power parity. The consequences of this economic rise have reverberated through a number of areas, including trade. .

The Africa Center is bringing together leading African experts in Washington for a timely conversation examining Africa’s growing role on the geopolitical landscape, its increased agency in impacting global events, and the future of US-Africa relations in light of these advances. This event takes place against the backdrop of South Africa playing host to the BRICS Summit and the 2023 African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Forum and on the doorstep of the United Nations General Assembly Meetings in September in New York.

From the war in Ukraine to recent events in Niger, attention to the continent is only growing. Given the recent Russia-Africa Summit, and last year’s US-Africa Leaders Summit, it is clear that African nations are playing an ever-increasing role in global affairs. What does this mean for the continent? And what role will Africa play in addressing a myriad of global challenges ranging from international financial infrastructure reform to climate change and food security?.

•  indicate that China and Russia are advocating for expanding the bloc’s membership. Several high-profile countries, including Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Indonesia, have received invitations. Over 40 countries have  in joining the growing economic alliance.Reportsexpressed interest
• France, on the other end, is fighting to get a slice of the action, with President Emmanuel Macron interested in attending. No, he didn’t get an invite. ........................................