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2022.《中國海軍現代化:對美國海軍能力的意義》China Naval Modernization: Implications forUS/navy.
2022/02/02 11:13
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.CHINA A2/D2  vs   USA. A2/D2.


WHO WIN ? 

.中國海軍第3艘航空母艦戰鬥群示意圖China navy CV-18 CBG. - Red Square 123的部落格- udn部落格
.CHINA  CV-18 SO GREAT.
J-35/A.for China navy operation compeition with US/ navy.F-35./A.B.or C.type.
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.美國海軍擔心懼怕失去海上霸權被中國海軍取代?

美國20220120日發表了年度報告:


《中國海軍現代化:對美國海軍能力的意義》。報告指出,中國海軍從1990年代中期開始一直不停地進行現代化,到現在在中國近海已經成為「一支強大的軍事力量」。

中國海軍正增加在更遠海域的活動,中國軍艦已經進入西太平洋、印度洋和歐洲附近水域活動。在美國海軍實現並保持在戰爭期間對西太平洋的控制能力的時候,中國海軍的舉措越來越被視為對這種能力的挑戰。
這是美國海軍在冷戰後第一次遇到類似挑戰。而在中國對美國長期地位挑戰中,中國海軍是其中的主要因素。
美國國會研究服務院的報告還提到近年來為應對中國海軍現代化美國海軍做出的一系列努力,如擴大在太平洋的海軍部署。

美國海軍在太平洋部署了他們最強大的新艦艇,軍機和最優人員,維持或增加了在太平洋的部署和訓練行動。 另外美國海軍在印太地區加強同盟友的合作,包括同其他國家海軍合作。

為對付中國發展的反介入/區域拒止能力,美國海軍還擴大了計劃中的未來海軍規模,啟動和加速了許多新軍事科技項目,以及對新艦艇和新飛機,無人機的採購。

.Brief Overview of China’s Naval Modernization Effort Key overview points concerning China’s naval modernization effort include the following:  China’s naval modernization effort, which forms part of a broader Chinese military modernization effort that includes several additional areas of emphasis,  has been underway for more than 25 years, since the early to mid-1990s, and has transformed China’s navy into a much more modern and capable force. China’s navy is a formidable military force within China’s near-seas region, and it is conducting a growing number of operations in more-distant waters, including the broader waters of the Western Pacific, the Indian Ocean, and waters around Europe.
 China’s navy is, by far, the largest of any country in East Asia, and within the past few years it has surpassed the U.S. Navy in numbers of battle force ships (meaning the types of ships that count toward the quoted size of the U.S. Navy), making China’s navy the numerically largest in the world. DOD states that “the PLAN is the largest navy in the world with a battle force of approximately 355 platforms, including major surface combatants, submarines, aircraft carriers, ocean-going amphibious ships, mine warfare ships, and fleet auxiliaries.
This figure does not include 85 patrol combatants and craft that carry anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs). The PLAN’s overall battle force is expected to grow to 420 ships by 2025 and 460 ships by 2030. Much of this growth will be in major surface combatants.”
 China’s naval ships, aircraft, and weapons are now much more modern and capable than they were at the start of the 1990s, and are now comparable in many respects to those of Western navies. DOD states that “as of 2020, the PLAN is largely composed of modern multi-role platforms featuring advanced anti-ship-anti-air, and anti-submarine weapons and sensors.”
 ONI states that “Chinese naval ship design and material quality is in many cases comparable to [that of] USN [U.S. Navy] ships, and China is quickly closing the gap in any areas of deficiency.” Some U.S. observers are expressing concern or alarm regarding the pace of China’s naval shipbuilding effort and resulting trend lines regarding the relative sizes and capabilities of China’s navy and the U.S. Navy.
 China’s navy is viewed as posing a major challenge to the U.S. Navy’s ability to achieve and maintain wartime control of blue-water ocean areas in the Western Pacific—the first such challenge the U.S. Navy has faced since the end of the Cold War. China’s navy forms a key element of a Chinese challenge to the long-standing status of the United States as the leading military power in the Western Pacific.  China’s naval modernization effort encompasses a wide array of platform and weapon acquisition programs, including anti-ship ballistic missiles (ASBMs), anti-ship cruise missiles (ASCMs), submarines, surface ships, aircraft, unmanned vehicles (UVs), and supporting C4ISR (command and control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance) systems. China’s naval modernization effort also includes improvements in maintenance and logistics, doctrine, personnel quality, education and training, and exercises.
 China’s military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, is assessed as being aimed at developing capabilities for addressing the situation with Taiwan militarily, if need be; for achieving a greater degree of control or domination over China’s near-seas region, particularly the South China Sea; for enforcing China’s view that it has the right to regulate foreign military activities in its 200-mile maritime exclusive economic zone (EEZ);
for defending China’s commercial sea lines of communication (SLOCs), particularly those linking China to the Persian Gulf; for displacing U.S. influence in the Western Pacific; and for asserting China’s status as the leading regional power and a major world power
 Consistent with these goals, observers believe China wants its navy to be capable of acting as part of a Chinese anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) force—a force that can deter U.S. intervention in a conflict in China’s near-seas region over Taiwan or some other issue, or failing that, delay the arrival or reduce the effectiveness of intervening U.S. forces. Additional missions for China’s navy include conducting maritime security (including antipiracy) operations, evacuating Chinese nationals from foreign countries when necessary, and conducting humanitarian assistance/ disaster response (HA/DR) operations
.CHINA CV-16.SO GREAT.
中國海軍遼寧號航空母艦創造新的記錄,令美國海軍訝異,
完成不可能的任務.
令人訝異敵是中國海軍將1艘並未完工淘汰的老舊型航空母艦買回重新建造,使用開創出新的局面,這樣一來史無前例,由中國海軍打破記錄.
.2020年中國海軍第一艘055型驅逐艦南昌號服役
中國海軍已經發展成亞太地區最強大的海軍,其規模已經遠超地區其他國家的海軍。而且在作戰艦艇數量上,中國海軍幾年前就已經超過了美國海軍。

美國國防部稱「中國人民解放軍海軍是世界上最大的海軍,他們擁有大約355艘軍艦,包括主要的海上戰艦,潛水艇,航空母艦,兩棲艦艇,掃雷艦和其他輔助艦艇。這個數量還不包括85艘巡邏艇和攜帶反艦飛彈的作戰平台。」

一些美國觀察家對中國海軍的造艦努力表示擔憂,因為中國造艦已經在中,美海軍的規模和能力對比方面帶來趨勢性變化。美國國防部認為解放軍海軍的艦艇數量在2025年前可望達到420艘,到2030年前會達到460艘。

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CHINA-NAVY CV-17. SO GREAT.

中國海軍山東號航空母艦是以CV-16.為藍本,重新建造,改良型的現代化中型航空母艦,改進, 創新, 品質,這樣一來中國海軍又遞造出新的記錄,截至目前為止世界上沒有任何一個國家的海軍,能有如此超凡的表現,事實證明出,中國造船的綜合工業技術,已經與美國並駕齊驅,這樣一來令美國海軍擔憂懼怕,有朝1日被中國海軍超越取代,海上霸權尤其是在西太平洋的水域.

美國軍事戰略觀察家分析認為:中國海軍謀求建造核子220120日發表了年度報告:《中國海軍現代化:對美國海軍能力的意義》。報告指出,中國海軍從1990年代中期開始一直不停地進行現代化,到現在在中國近海已經成為「一支強大的軍事力量」。中國海軍正增加在更遠海域的活動,中國軍艦已經進入西太平洋、印度洋和歐洲附近水域活動。在美國海軍實現並保持在戰爭期間對西太平洋的控制能力的時候,中國海軍的舉措越來越被視為對這種能力的挑戰。這是美國海軍在冷戰後第一次遇到類似挑戰。而在中國對美國長期地位挑戰中,中國海軍是其中的主要因素。

.China Naval Modernization: Implications for U.S. Navy Capabilities—Background and Issues for Congress Updated January 20, 2022 

.

.INA-NAVY CV-17. SO GREAT.

.中國海軍山東號航空母艦是以CV-16.為藍本,重新建造,改良型的現代化中型航空母艦,改進, 創新, 品質,這樣一來中國海軍又遞造出新的記錄,截至目前為止世界上沒有任何一個國家的海軍,能有如此超凡的表現,事實證明出,中國造船的綜合工業技術,已經與美國並駕齊驅,這樣一來令美國海軍擔憂懼怕,有朝1日被中國海軍超越取代,海上霸權尤其是在西太平洋的水域.

.

美國軍事戰略觀察家分析認為:中國海軍謀求建造核子動力航空母艦,中國海軍增加在更遠海域的活動,中國軍艦已經進入西太平洋、印度洋和歐洲附近水域活動。在美國海軍實現並保持在戰爭期間對西太平洋的控制能力的時候,中國海軍的舉措越來越被視為對這種能力的挑戰。

中國的軍事現代化努力,包括海軍現代化努力旨在獲得能夠用軍事手段解決台灣問題的能力,而且在需要的情況下,對中國近海地區,特別是中國南海實行控制,因為中國認為在200海里範圍內的專屬經濟區中國有權兼管外國的軍事活動。

另外中國軍事現代化的目標還包括:維護中國的海上交通線,特別是從中國到波斯灣的海路;取代美國在西太平洋的影響;確立中國作為地區大國和主要世界強國的地位。.為實現上述目標,中國希望他們的海軍成為中國獲得地區反介入/區域拒止能力(A2/AD)能力努力的一部分,即遏制美國對中國周邊海域進行干預,這包括美國對台灣和其他問題的干預。即使不能實現上述目標,至少也要延遲美軍干預或減少美軍干預的有效性。

In an era of renewed great power competition, China’s military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, has become the top focus of U.S. defense planning and budgeting. China’s navy, which China has been steadily modernizing for more than 25 years, since the early to mid-1990s, has become a formidable military force within China’s near-seas region, and it is conducting a growing number of operations in more-distant waters, including the broader waters of the Western Pacific, the Indian Ocean, and waters around Europe. China’s navy is viewed as posing a major challenge to the U.S. Navy’s ability to achieve and maintain wartime control of blue-water ocean areas in the Western Pacific—the first such challenge the U.S. Navy has faced since the end of the Cold War. China’s navy forms a key element of a Chinese challenge to the long-standing status of the United States as the leading military power in the Western Pacific. Some U.S. observers are expressing concern or alarm regarding the pace of China’s naval shipbuilding effort and resulting trend lines regarding the relative sizes and capabilities of China’s navy and the U.S. Navy. China’s naval modernization effort encompasses a wide array of ship, aircraft, and weapon acquisition programs, as well as improvements in maintenance and logistics, doctrine, personnel quality, education and training, and exercises. China’s navy has currently has certain limitations and weaknesses, and is working to overcome them. China’s military modernization effort, including its naval modernization effort, is assessed as being aimed at developing capabilities for addressing the situation with Taiwan militarily, if need be; for achieving a greater degree of control or domination over China’s near-seas region, particularly the South China Sea; for enforcing China’s view that it has the right to regulate foreign military activities in its 200-mile maritime exclusive economic zone (EEZ); for defending China’s commercial sea lines of communication (SLOCs), particularly those linking China to the Persian Gulf; for displacing U.S. influence in the Western Pacific; and for asserting China’s status as the leading regional power and a major world power. Consistent with these goals, observers believe China wants its navy to be capable of acting as part of a Chinese anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) force—a force that can deter U.S. intervention in a conflict in China’s near-seas region over Taiwan or some other issue, or failing that, delay the arrival or reduce the effectiveness of intervening U.S. forces. Additional missions for China’s navy include conducting maritime security (including antipiracy) operations, evacuating Chinese nationals from foreign countries when necessary, and conducting humanitarian assistance/disaster response (HA/DR) operations. The U.S. Navy in recent years has taken a number of actions to counter China’s naval modernization effort. Among other things, the U.S. Navy has shifted a greater percentage of its fleet to the Pacific; assigned its most-capable new ships and aircraft and its best personnel to the Pacific; maintained or increased general presence operations, training and developmental exercises, and engagement and cooperation with allied and other navies in the Indo-Pacific; increased the planned future size of the Navy; initiated, increased, or accelerated numerous programs for developing new military technologies and acquiring new ships, aircraft, unmanned vehicles, and weapons; begun development of new operational concepts (i.e., new ways to employ Navy and Marine Corps forces) for countering Chinese maritime A2/AD forces; and signaled that the Navy in coming years will shift to a more-distributed fleet architecture that will feature a smaller portion of larger ships, a larger portion of smaller ships, and a substantially greater use of unmanned vehicles. The issue for Congress is whether the U.S. Navy is responding appropriately to China’s naval modernization effort..

.查看來源圖片查看來源圖片

美國海軍認為中國海軍CV-18.航空母艦的綜合作戰能力,可以比擬美國海軍尼米茲級的核子動力航空母艦,突破性及創新科技的武器設備是全球第一名,尤其是應用電磁彈射起飛系統,令艦載型的戰鬥機平均每15分鐘即可昇空作戰,這樣一來澈底的打破美國航空母艦的艦載機起飛升空的記錄,換句話說以時間的效率就已經取得戰爭的初期勝利的局面,以軍事術語而言就是率先控制了戰場的制空權,然後配合其他的武器,消滅美國的航空母艦在.RED STAR OVER THE PACIFIC.一書裡面記載非常詳細,2030年中國海軍與美國海軍在太平洋深處舉行大決戰,其結果就是美國海軍失敗求和.

中國海軍CV-18 ,航空母艦模擬作戰圖China navy type 003.CV-18.CG. - Red Square 123的部落格-  udn部落格

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