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Project 945 Barrakuda (Sierra I)

Project 945

The first submarine of the Project 945, Carp, was laid down in July 1979^[3] at the Gorky shipyard and was launched in August 1983 before being transferred to Severodvinsk for fitting out. It was laid up in 1997. The next hull to be built was Kostroma, which was launched in July 1986 and was commissioned in September 1987. K-276 Kostroma was put into a drydock after its 11 February 1992 collision with the US submarine Baton Rouge in the Barents Sea, off Kildin Island.^] The submarine was repaired on 3 June 1992 and was renamed Krab on 6 April 1993, but in 1996 its original name, Kostroma was restored and it is in active service with the Russian Northern Fleet. The Sierra I class was also fitted with a releasable escape pod for the crew.^[ The pod is covered by a V-shaped casing on the port side of the sail.

Aerial starboard bow view of a Russian Navy Northern Fleet Sierra II class nuclear-powered attack submarine underway on the surface.

蘇聯攻擊型核潛艇945型「梭魚」(俄語：Барракуда)，北約命名為「塞拉I級」。「塞拉」(英語：Sierra)是北約音標字母中對字母「S」的讀音。945型潛艇使用鈦合金艇身，重量輕、下潛深度大，是蘇聯第三代多用途攻擊型核潛艇。1972年3月立項研製，型號總設計師是天青石設計局的N.I.Кваша。紅色索爾莫沃造船廠建造。由於鈦合金艇身造價昂貴，這一型潛艇僅建造了4艘:.......

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The first Sierra I class boat, Tula (ex-Karp) was laid down in 1982 at Gorky Shipyard, launched in August 1983, and was fitted out in Severodvinsk. It was laid up in 1997 due to funding problems. The survivor, Kostroma (ex-Krab) was launched in 1986, and commissioned in 1987.

   These submarines are fitted with an escape pod for the crew, built into the sail. It allows the crew to escape if the boat sinks.

   Due to funding problems and inability of the Russian Navy to maintain these boats the Tula was in reserve since 1998 and Kostroma since 2000. It was planned that these boats will be fitted with new equipment and weapon systems in order to extend their service lives for another 10 years. Both boats were towed to repair facilities. However due to limited funding works stopped soon after their nuclear fuel from reactors was unloaded.

   In 2012 a contract was signed to refit and upgrade both of these boats. Refit of the Tula commenced in 2017. Currently status of these boats is uncertain. Most likely that these two boats will be decommissioned and scrapped in the near future.

   The Sierra I class was the first fitted with a releasable escape pod for the crew, covered by a V-shaped casing on the port side of the sail.

   The Sierra I class was followed by improved Sierra II class boats.