20190914“圓明園遺址公園”報道，圓明園日前收回首套古籍文物《圓明園匠作則例》（簡稱《則例》），這是被毀160年來圓明園收到的第一件古籍原件。
《則例》始作於清乾隆年間、成書于道光年間的內府裝幀手抄孤本，是目前現世的第一本最完整、價值最高的《則例》，並第一次出現有關西洋樓的記載。
On 160th anniversary of sacking of Old Summer Palace, Chinese reflect.?
圓明園未開放區原地重建有譜嗎?
傳重建小組已經成立與英國,法國合資籌備處,用以重建圓明園,為考慮將來大量觀光客踴入與停車問題,採用類似法國重修羅浮宮地下逆築工程,修建地下室停車場,以解決停車問題.地上依然照舊施工復興重建圓明園.
The Old Summer Palace, known in Chinese as Yuanming Yuan; Gardens of Perfect Brightness), and originally called the Imperial Gardens (, was a complex of palaces and gardens in present-day Haidian District, Beijing, China. It is 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northwest of the walls of the former Imperial City section of Beijing. Constructed throughout the 18th and early 19th centuries, the Old Summer Palace was the main imperial residence of Qianlong Emperor of the Qing dynasty and his successors, and where they handled state affairs; the Forbidden City was used for formal ceremonies. Widely perceived as the pinnacle work of Chinese imperial garden and palace design, the Old Summer Palace was known for its extensive collection of gardens, its building architecture and numerous art and historical treasures. It was reputed as the "Garden of Gardens" in its heyday.
In 1860, during the Second Opium War, as the Anglo-French expedition force relentlessly approached Beijing, two British envoys, a journalist for The Times and a small escort of British and Indian troopers were sent to meet Prince Yi under a flag of truce[] to negotiate a Qing surrender. Meanwhile, the French and British troops reached the palace and conducted extensive looting and destruction.[2] Later on, as news emerged that the negotiation delegation had been imprisoned and tortured, resulting in 20 deaths,] the British High Commissioner to China, Lord Elgin, retaliated by ordering the complete destruction of the palace, which was then carried out by British troops. The palace was so large – covering more than 800 acres – that it took 4,000 men 3 days of burning to destroy it.] Many exquisite artworks – sculptures, porcelain, jade, silk robes, elaborate textiles, gold objects and more – were stolen and are now found in 47 museums around the world, according to UNESCO.
《則例》共兩函48冊，涉及建築、園林、工藝、材料、人工經費等內容，涵蓋修建圓明園所用之木、石、瓦、土、油、漆、裝修、畫、裱、佛像等用料、用工規格，並詳細介紹營建圓明園時的成規定律，“信息廣泛、事钜細”。
換句話說這就是西方建築物所謂的施工說明書記與施工規範,施工計劃書,3者需要互助合作缺一不可.
1860年10月6日，英法聯軍侵入北京，闖進圓明園。他們把園內凡是能拿走的東西，統統掠走；拿不動的，就用大車搬運；實在運不走的，就任意破壞、毀掉。為了銷毀罪證，10月18日和19日，3000餘名侵略者奉命在園內放火。大火連燒三天，煙雲籠罩了整個北京城。我國這一園林藝術的瑰寶、建築藝術的精華，就這樣化成了一片灰燼。
只如今扔然有許多內行人,收購圓明園內的殘垣斷壁與支離破碎的建築材料等等物資變賣或是據為己,有如果圓明園重建消息屬實,那麼一來被偷走的材料,勢必被高價回收,繳給政府,如此一來有些人員就如數的小賺一票,根據估計圓明園修復所需要的石材僅有3成是原有,必須修護後重新使用,其餘的7成就必須要開採礦場掘取石材依照《圓明園匠作則例》重新定製與造作.
園方認為，這將為圓明園未來整修帶來希望。
圓明園重建委員會為一民組織,他們在2010年時期曾經概算重建圓明園的費用,高達50億美元左右,這與大清王朝歷年來修繕原明園的經費總計耗資1500萬兩白銀接近,而且並不包括給慈禧太后60大壽,所修繕圓明園,挪用海軍購買軍艦武器的50萬兩白銀在內,他們以現在市值估價重建圓明園需要80億美元,歷時5年即可完整,顯示出昔時的圓明園風景區,如假包換.2020-2024.屆時2025年圓明園重新開放給予平民百姓觀光遊園,而不是皇帝寡人與后妃,大臣及皇親國戚的專用.
圓明園在北京西郊。1707年康熙46年始建，由圓明、長春、綺春三園組成。占地5200畝，百餘處風景，建築16萬平米，是清在150年間創建經營的皇家宮苑。它繼承了三千年造園傳統，既有宮廷建築的雍容華貴和江南園林的委婉多姿，又有歐洲園林的形式，把不同風格的園林建築融為一體。1860年英法聯軍攻入燒毀。
英法聯軍在燒毀圓明園時，在北京全城張貼如下公告，宣示英法聯軍火燒圓明園的目的：「任何人哪怕地位再高犯下欺詐和暴行以後，都不能逃脫責任和懲罰。圓明園將於(1860年10月)18日被燒毀，作為對中國皇帝背信棄義的懲罰；只有清帝國政府應該對此負責，與暴行無關的百姓不必擔心受到傷害。」
原來清政府將關押在圓明園的39名外國代表折磨致死讓英法大為惱怒，根據他們制定的萬國公法規定，凡使臣被殺，他日破城，雞犬不留。
火燒圓明園的罪魁禍首是英國額爾金伯爵(James Bruce, the 8th Earl of Elgin)。額爾金下令燒毀圓明園，是為了報復清政府逮捕公使和劣待戰俘。1860年9月，英國公使巴夏禮(Harry Parkes)和額爾金的私人秘書洛奇(Henry Loch) 打著停戰的白旗前往通縣和清政府談判，被載垣、僧格林沁逮捕。和此前被伏擊活捉的一隊英法聯軍士兵一起押到北京，監禁了一個多月。
滿清皇帝和政府一直把巴夏禮看著英法聯軍的最高統帥，根據「擒賊先擒王」的傳統計謀，他們在通州談判之前就計劃誘擒巴夏禮，期望巴夏禮就擒之後，英法聯軍群龍無首，必定自亂，然後乘機大舉進剿，穩操勝券。監禁期間，這些人被百般拷打，肆意凌辱。39名囚犯中，有20人在監禁中死去，其中包括《倫敦泰晤士報》記者包爾比(Thomas Bowlby)。
圓明園的面積將近5200畝左右,有相關專業人士建議,最好像由國家文物暨古蹟保護委員會,派遣專業人士進駐看守,以免有心人士,不斷盜取圓明園殘留物,例如相片內的西洋館的花崗石建材等物件.這些國家級的名勝古蹟應該確實保護與保存.
法國大文豪雨果於1861年對圓明園做出這樣的評價：「你只管去想像那是一座令人心神往的、如同月宮的城堡一樣的建築，夏宮（指圓明園）就是這樣的一座建築。」人們常常這樣說：希臘有帕特農神殿，埃及有金字塔、羅馬有鬥獸場，東方有夏宮。這是一個令人嘆為觀止的無與倫比的傑作。」
火燒圓明園這場浩劫，正如法國著名作家雨果所描繪和抨擊的那樣：有一天，兩個強盜闖進了夏宮，一個進行搶劫，另一個放火焚燒。他們高高興興地回到了歐洲，這兩個強盜，一個叫法蘭西，一個叫英吉利。他們共同「分享」了圓明園這座東方寶庫，還認為自己取得了一場偉大的勝利！
.
國弱則民辱，國強則民榮。國家強大、民族強盛，始終是每一個中國人生存、發展的基本保障！如今中國再度強勢崛起！
是否恢復過來清朝歷史的名勝古蹟圓明園而有所考量！
傳聞中國外交部已經成立圓明園"重建小組"與英國,法國協商共同出資,重新修建圓明園,並成立跨國管理顧問公司海,籌設圓明園旅遊股份有限公司,將日後遊覽圓明園的門票收入劃分,以上市股票的模式回收利益做為報償?
已經有關專業評估,圓明園重新開放觀光遊園,年度人數將高達1億餘人次/每年,採取每日遊客總量管制約為3000人/4小時左右.
若以門票每人100元人民幣計算,每天就是將近30萬人民幣收入,尚不包括圓明園等相關旅遊紀念品的銷售額,旅館,飯店,酒吧等觀光產業,將雨露均霑爽斃喇,賺錢,鈔票數到手抽筋?
這樣一來與會當初法國重修羅浮宮後的情勢一樣,吸引大量的海內外遊客前往參觀消費,如果老佛爺慈禧太后,地下有知,就會復活再度叫喊要入園賞花遊船.
4樓. red square 1232019/09/16 12:59How the Old Summer Palace Came to Ruin ?
Beijing’s Old Summer Palace is known in Chinese as Yuanming Yuan, or ‘the Gardens of Perfect Brightness’. But one shameful incident casts a dark shadow over this imperial-age marvel.While visitors flock to the opulent halls, gardens and pavilions of the Summer Palace, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, most ignore the charred ruins sitting just next door. But in its heyday, the Old Summer Palace was the pinnacle of imperial Chinese grandeur, covering more than 300 hectares (800 acres) of immaculately curated Beijing terrain. Enter Britain’s Lord Elgin, and the story of how the Old Summer Palace came to ruin — a tale well known within China’s borders, but virtually unheard of outside them.
Home to Qing royalty Located eight kilometres (five miles) northwest of the Forbidden City — a site saved for special occasions lies the lies the Old Summer Palace, which was the main residence of Qing dynasty royalty, and the place where China’s ruling elite handled their day-to-day affairs.
Constructed in the early 18th Century by the Qianlong Emperor, this over-the-top palace complex was five times bigger than the Forbidden City down the road. The Old Summer Palace was an intricate web of buildings, paths, lakes, gardens, bridges and halls that housed a mighty collection of priceless cultural treasures. At least, it was until the Second Opium War rocked it to its foundations.
red square 123 於 2019/09/16 13:00回覆-
3樓. red square 1232019/09/16 11:58
-
2樓. red square 1232019/09/16 11:57
red square 123 於 2019/09/16 11:57回覆
red square 123 於 2019/09/16 11:58回覆 -
1樓. red square 1232019/09/16 11:51
red square 123 於 2019/09/16 11:52回覆
