新納粹（Neo-Nazism）是二戰後歐洲一些為了使當時的納粹和法西斯復辟所出現的政治運動及社會運動。新納粹運動基本上以納粹德國總理阿道夫·希特勒的「繼承人」自居，延續其國家社會主義使命，以及支持納粹主義、反猶太主義、極端民族主義及種族主義等。這些組織因經常以報復製造事端，近年已減少），而引起警察的關注。他們大多是極右派，包括國家主義者。

俄羅斯的新納粹主要源自蘇聯解體後的1990年代。他們行納粹禮，並高喊口號。這些新納粹成立的組織有十多個，其中規模較大的有「人民民族黨」、「俄羅斯民族統一黨」、「俄羅斯目標」等.

There are a few Russian neo-Nazis that openly admire Adolf Hitler and use the swastika as their symbol. Russian neo-Nazis are characterized by racism, antisemitism, homophobia, Islamophobia and extreme xenophobia towards people from Asia.^[99] Their ideology centers on defending Russian national identity against what they perceive as a takeover by minority groups such as Jews, Caucasians, homosexuals, Central Asians, East Asians, Roma people (gypsies), and Muslims. There is also a widespread gay rights Nazi skinhead subculture with its own Vkontakte group, GASH, and an alleged 1700 members in Moscow alone.^[100]

Russian neo-Nazis have made it an explicit goal to take over the country by force, and have put serious effort into preparing for this. Paramilitary organizations operating under the guise of sports clubs have trained their members in squad tactics, hand to hand combat and weapons handling. They have stockpiled and used weapons, often illegally.

Some observers have noted a subjective irony of Russians embracing Nazism, because one of Hitler's ambitions at the start of World War II was the Generalplan Ost (Master Plan East) which envisaged to exterminate, expel, or enslave most or all Slavs from central and eastern Europe (e.g., Russians, Ukrainians, Poles etc.) Russian neo-Nazis deny the authenticity of this plan and instead emphasize the 1939-1941 Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact. At the end of the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union, over 25 million Soviet citizens had died.

「光頭黨」在全俄羅斯的總人數大約在10萬名以上，其中80%集中在莫斯科和聖彼得堡。這些組織總體上來說比較分散，部分組織的總部設在沃羅涅日，僅管莫斯科當局在史達林時期曾經大肆清黨,將許多對於蘇聯共產黨不貞份子及異議人士,包括許多新納粹黨人,逐一逮捕並且移送西伯利亞各勞改營,進行終身思想改造與勞動改造,但是無法消除其根源思想,原因值得社會主義學者及民族主義研探討,德國納粹黨及納粹主義者無法消防的因素.

普京強人政府也企圖瓦解俄羅斯的光頭黨,但是如今俄羅斯政體逐漸走向多黨政治時代,容許不同黨派的意見及聲音,俄羅斯克里姆林宮當局,顯然比以前蘇聯時代更為開放包容,莫斯科當局允許他們光頭黨,以社會團體名義,申請註冊為合法團體,接受政府的管理,事實上俄羅斯的光頭黨成員組織錯綜複雜,有前蘇聯共產黨黨員,有反政府人士,尋求民主人士,也有黑社會人士參雜其中,當然也包括前蘇聯時期的KGB 組織的特務.

1:仇視一切非俄羅斯人（尤其是亞洲人、黑人及國內信奉伊斯蘭教的少數民族）。

2:崇尚暴力，甚至種族屠殺和種族清洗。

3:宏揚斯拉夫民族的優秀如同希特勒的納粹黨宣揚日耳曼民族的優秀.

4:進行組織集會及團體行動猶如合法政黨運作.

5:強調認同斯拉夫種族的遺傳,諸多宗教信仰,生活習慣,食物烹調與衣服的穿著.

6:他們大多數的共同特徵，是口號是1488，14代表十四字真言，88代表希特勒萬歲。

十四字真言或簡稱14，是一個白人至上主義口號：「我們應該保護我們民族的存亡以及給白人孩子的未來」("We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children")。^]它可以用來指代不同的14個字的口號：「為了不讓美麗的白人雅利安女性於地球上消失。」("Because the beauty of the White Aryan woman must not perish from the earth")^[]新納粹主義者用88指代「希特勒萬歲」（Heil Hitler），因為H是英語第8個字母。14和88就成為了新納粹主義的代名詞。也是多數新納粹活動經常出現的數字

如今在莫斯科與聖彼得堡的一些小巷弄內及酒吧,餐廳經常有1488及相關標誌,徽章圖案,切莫大驚小怪,因為他們是合法的社會團體,光頭黨的話關係企業.

Неонаци́зм (др.-греч. νέος — новый, нацизм) — общее название идеологии политических или общественных движений, возникших после Второй мировой войны, исповедующих национал-социалистические или близкие к ним взгляды либо объявляющих себя последователями Национал-социалистической немецкой рабочей партии (NSDAP).^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]}

Неонацизм заимствует элементы от нацистской доктрины, в том числе шовинизм, фашизм, расизм, ксенофобию, гомофобию и антисемитизм. Отрицание Холокоста является его характерной чертой, так же как, например, использование нацистской символики и воспевание Адольфа Гитлера. Это связано с подъёмом движений НС-скинхедов во многих странах мира.

Russian Neo-Nazis Mark Hitler’s Birthday With Violence.

Every year on Adolf Hitler’s birthday, neo-Nazis around the world engage in actions designed to “celebrate” the Fuhrer’s entry into the world on April 20. Russian neo-Nazis have been no exception to this trend and, in the past, have engaged in a number of attacks against ethnic minorities during this day. In 2013, for instance, Russian neo-Nazis killed a non-Slav in a racially motivated attack in St. Petersburg, and a number of soccer teams unveiled banners congratulating the Fuhrer on his birthday or held up signs with other provocative slogans (see EDM, April 29, 2013). Violence on Hitler’s birthday was at its peak between 2006 and 2009, so unsurprisingly the more recent drop in intensity of violence mirrors the general decline in the skinhead movement in Russia and its shift toward merging with soccer hooligan groups. However, April 20, 2018, promised to be interesting given Russian military adventures in Ukraine.

Hitler’s birthday in 2018 may not have seen a large number of neo-Nazi attacks, and certainly nothing to justify the pre-emptive moves providing protection for ethnic minorities in years past but this does not mean the neo-Nazi threat has vanished from Russia. Indeed, many observers note that people with these sentiments have joined violent soccer fan groups. Whatever the truth, Russian neo-Nazis are sure to be invigorated by the ethnically discriminatory policies of the Russian state as it continues to instigate agitation in the eastern portion of Ukraine.