There are certain differences in the structures of two-phase, three-phase and ​four-phase stepper motors​.

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1.Two-phase stepper motors are the most basic stepper motors, usually composed of two sets of coils, namely phase A and phase B. The phase difference between these two sets of coils is 90 degrees. Two-phase stepper motors are generally simple in structure and cheap.

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2.Three-phase stepper motors are more complex than two-phase stepper motors, consisting of three sets of coils, namely phase A, phase B and phase C. The phase difference between these three sets of coils is also 90 degrees. The structure of three-phase stepper motors is relatively complex, but its output torque is greater than that of two-phase stepper motors.

3.Four-phase stepper motors are an improved version of three-phase stepper motors, consisting of four sets of coils, namely phase A, phase B, phase C and phase D. Four-phase stepper motors have higher output torque and higher precision than three-phase stepper motors.

There are also certain differences in the working principles of two-phase, three-phase and four-phase stepper motors.

1.The driving mode of the two-phase stepper motor is a single-phase switch, which only activates one set of coils at a time and changes the positive and negative polarity of the coils to drive the stepper motor to rotate.

2.The driving mode of the three-phase stepper motor is a three-phase alternating current, which drives the stepper motor to rotate according to the size and phase difference of the current transmitted to the motor.

3.The driving mode of the four-phase stepper motor is a four-phase alternating current, and the size and phase difference of the current can also drive the stepper motor to rotate.

In terms of control methods, two-phase, three-phase and four-phase stepper motors also have different characteristics.

1.Since the structure and control method of the two-phase stepper motor are very simple, it is more convenient to control. Moreover, the two-phase stepper motor can easily perform well in low-speed motion.

2.The three-phase stepper motor can achieve more complex acceleration and deceleration control. Therefore, the control accuracy of three-phase stepper motors is higher than that of two-phase stepper motors, and it is suitable for some application fields that require high-precision drive.

3.Four-phase stepper motors can achieve more precise control, higher stability, and their electromagnetic interference is small, and they will not interfere with other electronic devices.

Choose different types of stepper motors according to different application scenarios and needs.

1.If you need low-cost, low-speed, and low-precision application scenarios, you can choose a two-phase stepper motor.

2.If you are in an application scenario with higher speed, higher precision, and higher control flexibility, you can choose a three-phase stepper motor.

3.If you need higher precision and stability, and can play a role without affecting other equipment, you can choose a four-phase stepper motor.

In short, no matter which type of stepper motor you choose, we need to make reasonable purchases and uses according to our own needs and actual conditions.

Source:https://plaza.rakuten.co.jp/yixing/diary/202407260001/