A. Interpreting each example in the way it is most likely to be intended, say whether it contains an actual argument. If so, what is the conclusion and what are the premises?

1.Dogs always like bones, so her dog surely will like these bones I've brought.

Ａ：此題不是論證。假設Dogs always like bones為真，但是so her dog surely will like these bones I've brought卻不一定為真，因為她的狗不一定會喜歡我帶去的骨頭。如果要成為論證則少了一些條件，如：她的狗喜歡我或我不曾做過令她的狗討厭的事…之類的，所以此題不是論證。

17. If all that oil is spilled into the river, serious pollution will occur.

Ａ：此題是論證。If all that oil is spilled into the river這一句是真的，而serious pollution will occur.這一句也是真的。因為油會破壞生態。所以此題為一論證。

B. Digram the structure of each of the following arguments.

3.The car is worth the price you're asking only if it's in mint condition. But its condition isn't that good. It looks as though the frame has been twisted in a collision. So the car isn't worth your price.

1. The car is worth the price you're asking only if it's in mint condition.

2. But its condition isn't that good.

3. It looks as though the frame has been twisted in a collision.

4. So the car isn't worth your price.

A：（２＋３）→１→４

C. Construct a clear step-by step argument establishing what the answer is to each of the following problems.

3. There's to be a surprise fir drill one weekday next week. The following statements have been made about it: "It'll be Monday"; "It'll be Tuesday"; "It'll be Wednesday"; "It won't be Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday"; "It won't be Thursday." One and only one of these statements is true, when will the fire drill be?

Ａ：正確者為"It won't be Thursday."，因為"It'll be Monday"; "It'll be Tuesday"; "It'll be Wednesday"這三句話與"It won't be Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday"這一句話互相矛盾，這一句話完全否定了前三句話，所以只有"It won't be Thursday."才是正確的。

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