Huldufólk: The Legendary“Hidden People” of Iceland

隱身的傳說冰島精靈

【摘要2019.11.25.蘋果】

According to surveys, just under 10% of Icelanders say they believe in these hidden people, while about halfaren’t sure. For believers, elves might cause an accident or help a family in need.

For this reason, children are warned not to throw rocks. A poorly thrown rock might hit and anger an elf. To learn more, consider a trip to Reykjavik’s Elfschool. The school introduces tourists to all things huldufólk.

根據調查顯示，只有近十分之一的冰島人說他們相信這些隱身人的存在，而約有一半的人存疑。對於相信的人來說，精靈可能會引起一場意外或是幫助一個需要幫助的家庭。

由於這個原因，小孩會被警告不得丟擲石頭。一顆沒丟好的石頭可能會擊中並觸怒精靈。想更深入了解的話，不妨考慮去一趟雷克雅維克的精靈學院。該學院會介紹遊客所有關於隱身人的一切。

生活必備字詞

★survey n. 調查
According to the survey, 50% of workers would take a pay cut just to keep their jobs.
★anger vt. 惹怒，使生氣
The people were disappointed and angered by the president’s foreign policy.

Deepfakes capitalize on urgency

「深度偽造」趁亂打劫

【摘要2019.11.25.自由】◎劉宜庭

One of the telltale signs of deepfakes and other kinds of spoofing is a false sense of urgency. For example, lottery scammers emphasize that their victims must send personal details immediately to avoid missing out on their prizes. The deepfake hackers used time constraints to fool the CEO of a British energy firm, as well.

「深度偽造」或其他「電子欺騙」的蛛絲馬跡之一，正是急迫性的錯覺。舉例來說，彩券騙子會強調受害者須立即傳送個資細節，以免錯過大獎。深偽駭客也是利用時效性，欺騙英國一家能源公司的執行長。

One of the best ways to avoid scams is to get further verification from outside sources, rather than immediately responding to the person engaging with you.

避免詐騙的最佳方式之一，是找其他來源再進一步校驗，不要立刻回覆那名與你接洽的人士。

For example, if you’re at work and get a call or email from someone in accounting who asks for your Social Security number or bank account details to update their records, the safest thing to do is to contact the accounting department yourself and verify the legitimacy.

例如，倘若你在上班期間接到某位會計人員的電話或電子郵件，詢問你的社會安全號碼或銀行帳戶細節，用以更新紀錄，最安全的做法會是親自聯絡會計部門，驗證其正當性。

新聞辭典

spoofing：名詞，電子欺騙。例句：Spoofing is a broad term describing a type of cyber-criminal activity.（「電子欺騙」是用於形容網路犯罪活動種類的廣義詞彙。）

urgency：名詞，急迫性、緊急。例句：To make the victims skip over details they would usually notice, the phishing attempt will add a sense of urgency to the message.（「網路釣魚」企圖增加訊息的急迫性，以引導受害者忽略他們一般會注意到的細節。）

verification：名詞，校驗、驗證。例句：ID Verification is necessary for us to uphold and foster a safe and secure trading