Week2

1.appreciation/n. /əˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/

the act of recognizing or understanding that something is valuable, important, or as described.

Ex: Max has no appreciation of the finer things in life.

app-

appraise

to examine someone or something in order to judge their qualities, success, or needs.

appreciate

to recognize how good someone or something is and to value him, her, or it.

apprehend

to catch and arrest someone who has not obeyed the law.

2.capacity/n. /kəˈpæs.ə.ti/

the total amount that can be contained or produced, or (especially of a person or organization) the ability to do a particular thing.

Ex: The stadium has a seating capacity of 50,000.

Synonyms: complement/cubage/volume

Antonyms: incapacity/incompetence/ineptness

3.cycle/n. /ˈsaɪ.kl̩/

a group of events that happen in a particular order, one following the other, and are often repeated.

Ex: The life cycle of a moth.

-cycle

bicycle

a two-wheeled vehicle that you sit on and move by turning the two pedals (= flat parts you press with your feet).

tricycle

a cycle with two wheels at the back and one at the front, used especially by young children.

motorcycle

a vehicle with two wheels and an engine.

4.dramatic/ adj./ drəˈmæt.ɪk/

very sudden or noticeable, or full of action and excitement.

Ex: We watched scenes of the dramatic rescue on the news.

drama-

dramatically

suddenly or obviously.

dramatize

When writers dramatize books, stories, poems, etc., they write them again in a form that can be performed.

dramatist

a person who writes plays.

5.elite/n. /ɪˈliːt/

the richest, most powerful, best-educated, or best-trained group in a society.

Ex: Only a small elite among mountaineers can climb these routes.

eli-

elitist

organized for the good of a few people who have special interests or abilities.

elitism

the quality of being elitist.

elixir

a substance, usually a liquid, with a magical power to cure, improve, or preserve something.

6.enormous/adj./ɪˈnɔː.məs/

extremely large.

Ex: He earns an enormous salary.

Synonyms: immense/gigantic/colossal

Antonyms: micro/diminutive/bitty

7.intense/adj./ ɪnˈtens/

extreme and forceful or (of a feeling) very strong.

Ex: He suddenly felt an intense pain in his back.

Synonyms: acute/almighty/blistering

Antonyms: light/moderate/soft

8.reward/n./ rɪˈwɔːd/

something given in exchange for good behaviour or good work, etc.

Ex: There's a reward for whoever finishes first.

re-

rewind

to put a tape recording back to the beginning.

reword

to write something again in different words.

rewrite

to write something such as a book or speech again, in order to improve it or change it because new information is available.

9.rigorous/adj. /ˈrɪɡ.ər.əs/

controlling behaviour in a severe way.

Ex: He made a rigorous study of the plants in the area.

Synonyms: harsh/severe/tough

Antonyms: clement/gentle/tolerant

10.sweat/n./ swet/

the clear, salty liquid that you pass through your skin.

Ex: By the time we'd climbed to the top of the hill, we were covered in sweat.

11.stamina/n./ ˈstæm.ɪ.nə/

the physical and/or mental strength to do something that might be difficult and will take a long time.

Ex: The triathlon is a great test of stamina.

12.deprivation/n. /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/

a situation in which you do not have things or conditions that are usually considered necessary for a pleasant life.

Ex: They used sleep deprivation as a form of torture.

-ion

obsession

something or someone that you think about all the time.

restoration

the act or process of returning something to its earlier good condition or position.

repetition

the act of doing or saying something again.

13.accurate/adj. /ˈæk.jʊ.rət/

correct, exact, and without any mistakes.

Ex: The figures they have used are just not accurate.

accu-

accuracy

the fact of being exact or correct.

accusation

a statement saying that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind, or the fact of accusing someone.

accusatory

suggesting that you think someone has done something bad.

14.beneficial/adj. /ˌben.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/

helpful, useful, or good.

Ex: A stay in the country will be beneficial to his health.

-al

medical

related to the treatment of illness and injuries.

approval

the feeling of having a positive opinion of someone or something.

15.championship/n. /ˈtʃæm.pi.ən.ʃɪp/

the position of being a champion.

Ex: She has held the championship for the past three years.

-ship

lordship

a polite way of referring to or talking to a male peer without using his title.

partnership

the state of being a partner.

craftsmanship

skill at making things.

16.exception/n. /ɪkˈsep.ʃən/

someone or something that is not included in a rule, group, or list or that does not behave in the expected way.

Ex: Her books are always entertaining and this one is no exception.

Synonyms: challenge/complaint/demur

17.horizontal/adj. /ˌhɒr.ɪˈzɒn.təl/

parallel to the ground or to the bottom or top edge of something.

Ex: Keep the patient horizontal with the feet slightly raised.

18.initially/adv./ ɪˈnɪʃ.əl.i/

at the beginning.

Ex: The damage was far more serious than initially believed.

Synonyms: earliest/foremost/first

Antonyms: final/last/terminal

19.load/n. /ləʊd/

the amount of weight carried, especially by a vehicle, a structure such as a bridge, or an animal.

Ex: The maximum load for this elevator is eight persons.

-load

all the people or goods in the stated type of vehicle or container.

20.rank/n. /ræŋk/

a position in an organization, such as the army, showing the importance of the person having it.

Ex: He has just been promoted to the rank of captain.

Synonyms: degree/status/level

Antonyms: sparse

21.reasoning/n. /ˈriː.zən.ɪŋ/

the process of thinking about something in order to make a decision.

Ex: The reasoning behind her conclusion is impossible to fault.

Synonyms: intellection/reason/logic

22.store/v. /stɔːr/

to putor keep things in a special place for use in the future.

Ex: The data is stored on a hard disk and backed up on a CD.

23.stride/n. /straɪd/

an important positive development.

Ex: The group has made strides to expand internationally.

24.exact/adj./ɪɡˈzækt/

in great detail, or complete, correct, or true in every way.

Ex: The exact location of the factory has yet to be decided.

Synonyms: accurate/precise/veracious

Antonyms: false/improper/inexact

25.spurt/v./ spɝːt/

to (cause to) flow out suddenly and with force, in a fast stream.

Ex: Blood was spurting out all over the place.