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2017/02/02 08:56
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文/生醫編輯 沈靜

日本九州大學Katsuhiko Hayashi的研究團隊將小鼠的皮膚細胞誘導為卵子,並成功受精孕育出健康的小鼠,此一研究無一為受不孕所苦的夫婦帶來新希望。

此一研究刊登於Nature期刊,研究團隊從10周大的小鼠尾巴上取出皮膚細胞,將其轉換成多功能幹細胞,其研究團隊之前已成功將皮膚細胞培育成生殖細胞,此次以多種生長因子誘導成未成熟的卵子,再將老鼠胎兒的卵巢組織放入,引導未成熟卵子自行發育成具有生育力的卵母細胞,再由體外受精的方式將受精卵放入小鼠的子宮內生出小鼠。

這是首次有科學家成體外培養出哺乳類具生育力的卵子,卵子細胞是唯一能夠同時分裂又發展出多功細胞的細胞種類,科學家們花了許久的心思在研究卵子,希望能夠了解這些細胞是怎麼樣發展並試圖在實驗室內複製出整個完整的過程。

此一研究讓此技術能運用在人體的可能性又更加提高,但由於人類仍然與作為實驗模型的小鼠不同,且此研臺灣銀行公教貸款究結果僅3.5%的卵子成功孕育成小鼠,而大多數卵子的品質也不佳,研究人員認為可能會生出不正常的後代。日後若能解決前述問題,便可以藉由皮膚細胞治癒患有不孕症的女子或高齡產婦。研究人員也表示在未來5至10年還會持續研究相關的技術,並且希望未來能真正運用到人體上,幫助更多苦於不孕症的夫婦。

參考文獻:

1.Scientists create fully functional eggs from skin cells

2.Katsuhiko Hayashi et al. Reconstitution in vitro of the entire cycle of the mouse female germ line Nature 539, 299-303 (10 November 2016)

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2017-01-2003:00

COUNTERMEASURES: The TRA said another railway union has agreed to work during the holiday and that it is training reserve staff to take over if neededBy Abraham Gerber and Shelley Shan / Staff reportersThe Taiwan Railway Union will follow through with its threat to “take a legal holiday” over the Lunar New Year to protest the Taiwan Railways Administration’s (TRA) unwillingness to negotiate labor terms, union members said yesterday in a Taipei rally.About 10 union members and their supporters gathered on the west side of the Taipei Railway Station building, shouting slogans and accusing the agency of forcing employees to work overtime during the holiday crunch next week.Union president Wang Jieh (王傑) said a petition to take time off during the holiday had been signed by more than 1,000 of about 4,000 employees responsible for station and train operations, vowing delays and cancelations in response to the agency’s refusal to negotiate over holiday shifts and overtime hours.“The work we normally do is that of laborers, not civil servants, but the TRA wants to use our status as civil servants to pin us down,” he said, adding that agency officials had threatened to mark employees who refused to work as “absent without leave,” violating a Ministry of Labor ruling.Civil servants and most other public employees are not governed by the Labor Standards Act (勞動基準法) and can be compelled to work over holidays under the Civil Service Act (公務員服務法).However, the Labor Standards Act states that in cases where workers are considered both civil servants and laborers, Civil Service Act standards apply to their salaries, retirement and insurance, “as well as other cases in which it provides better benefits” than the Labor Standards Act.“Even though we are considered both civil servants and laborers, our national holidays are supposed to be governed by the Labor Standards Act, which requires employers to ask workers whether or not they are willing to work,” Taiwan Railway Union secretary Hsiao Nung-yu (蕭農瑀) said.Union director Ts銀行信貸專員eng Fan-ye (曾繁宇) accused the agency of trying to cut the number of platform staff, which he said could undermine safety because there would be fewer staff to monitor trains and passenger traffic.Hiring more employees to allow shift reductions has been a key demand of the union, which was founded last year to compete with the existing company union.Deputy Minister of Transportation and Communications Wang Kwo-tsai (王國材) said after a Cabinet meeting yesterday morning that the agency would continue to communicate with the union and has been training reserve staff to fill a potential personnel shortage.“It would take time to address the union’s demands, such as increasing staff numbers. The TRA is working on meeting those expectations,” Wang said.The TRA has also discussed the situation with the company union, the Taiwan Railway Labor Union, which understands that some of its appeals are not going to be addressed immediately, Wang said.The group has said it will cooperate fully with the agency’s plan to transport homebound passengers during the holidays, he said.Asked about the possibility of 1,000 workers going on strike, Wang said that it would affect railway transport during the most important holiday of the year, but that the TRA has trained substitutes to meet a potential staff shortage.All reserve staff have undergone three months of training and served as apprentices for 10 to 14 days before being added to the work roster, the agency said.新聞來源:TAIPEI TIMES
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