Contents ...
udn網路城邦
中英文介紹: 班強生《狐坡尼》(Volpone)
2008/02/02 14:45
瀏覽12,026
迴響1
推薦1
引用0

班強生《狐坡尼》(Volpone)簡介

英文來源:SpakNotes

中文翻譯:宋蘋芳、談玉儀

Source: http://www.sparknotes.com/drama/volpone/summary.html

Plot Overview

Volpone takes place in seventeenth-century Venice, over the course of one day. The play opens at the house of Volpone, a Venetian nobleman. He and his "parasite" Mosca—part slave, part servant, part lackey—enter the shrine where Volpone keeps his gold. Volpone has amassed his fortune, we learn, through dishonest means: he is a con artist. And we also learn that he likes to use his money extravagantly.

 《狐坡尼》的故事背景是十七世紀的威尼斯,故事發展的時間超過一天。這齣戲劇揭幕於一名威尼斯貴族人士狐坡尼的住屋。狐坡尼連同他的附庸莫斯卡一起進入狐坡尼私藏黃金的神廟,我們得知狐坡尼已經藉由當名詐騙藝術家的計倆累積了大量的錢財,同時,我們也知道他喜愛恣意揮霍金錢。

Soon, we see Volpone's latest con in action. For the last three years, he has been attracting the interest of three legacy hunters: Voltore, a lawyer; Corbaccio, an old gentleman; and Corvino, a merchant—individuals interested in inheriting his estate after he dies. Volpone is known to be rich, and he is also known to be childless, have no natural heirs. Furthermore, he is believed to very ill, so each of the legacy hunters lavishes gifts on him, in the hope that Volpone, out of gratitude, will make him his heir. The legacy hunters do not know that Volpone is actually in excellent health and merely faking illness for the purpose of collecting all those impressive "get-well" gifts.

很快地,我們看到狐坡尼最近的詐騙行為。再過去三年裡,狐坡尼已經引起了三位遺產涉獵者的興趣,分別是一位名叫渦陀 (Voltre) 的律師,一位名叫柯巴邱歐 (Corbaccio) 的年老紳士及一位名叫卡維諾 (Corvino) 的商人。這三個人都想在狐坡尼死後繼承他的財產。狐坡尼以富有聞名,並且他無子裔一事也是眾人皆知。除此之外,人們都以為他身體很差,所以每個遺產涉獵者都紛紛前往贈送他禮物,希望狐坡尼會出於感激之情讓他當他的遺產繼承人。孰不知這些遺產涉獵者都不知道狐坡尼身體其實很健康,只是裝病來騙取他們的禮物。

In the first act, each legacy hunter arrives to present a gift to Volpone, except for Corbaccio, who offers only a worthless (and probably poisoned) vial of medicine. But Corbaccio agrees to return later in the day to make Volpone his heir, so that Volpone will return the favor. This act is a boon to Volpone, since Corbaccio, in all likelihood, will die long before Volpone does. After each hunter leaves, Volpone and Mosca laugh at each's gullibility. After Corvino's departure Lady Politic Would-be, the wife of an English knight living in Venice, arrives at the house but is told to come back three hours later. And Volpone decides that he will try to get a close look at Corvino's wife, Celia, who Mosca describes as one of the most beautiful women in all of Italy. She is kept under lock and key by her husband, who has ten guards on her at all times, but Volpone vows to use disguise to get around these barriers.

在第一幕時,每個遺產涉獵者抵達狐坡尼家都贈送他價值不斐禮物,除了柯巴邱歐只送了一個沒價值(也許帶有毒性)的藥瓶,但是柯巴邱歐同意之後會讓狐坡尼當他的財產繼承人,如此一來,狐坡尼也會以遺產作為回報。這個行為對狐坡尼是個利益,因為柯巴邱歐很可能比他早死。在那些遺產涉獵者離開之後,狐坡尼和莫斯卡對於彼此的欺騙手法沾沾自喜。在卡維諾離去後,一位英國騎士的威尼斯情婦Politic Would-be女士 (她佯稱懂得世事) 抵達狐坡尼的住所,但卻被告知三小時後再返回。因為狐坡尼決定嘗試接近卡維諾的太太西利雅 (Celia),默思卡將她描述成義大利的美女之一。西利雅被丈夫所派的十名衛兵困禁,但是狐坡尼誓言要喬裝支開這些衛兵。

The second act portrays a time just a short while later that day, and we meet Sir Politic Would-be, Lady Politic's husband, who is conversing with Peregrine, an young English traveler who has just landed in Venice. Sir Politic takes a liking to the young boy and vows to teach him a thing or two about Venice and Venetians; Peregrine, too, enjoys the company of Sir Politic, but only because he is hilariously gullible and vain. The two are walking in the public square in front of Corvino's house and are interrupted by the arrival of "Scoto Mantua," actually Volpone in diguise as an Italian mountebank, or medicine-show man. Scoto engages in a long and colorful speech, hawking his new "oil", which is touted as a cure-all for disease and suffering. At the end of the speech, he asks the crows to toss him their handkerchiefs, and Celia complies. Corvino arrives, just as she does this, and flies into a jealous rage, scattering the crows in the square. Volpone goes home and complains to Mosca that he is sick with lust for Celia, and Mosca vows to deliver her to Volpone. Meanwhile, Corvino berates his wife for tossing her handkerchief, since he interprets it as a sign of her unfaithfulness, and he threatens to murder her and her family as a result. He decrees that, as punishment, she will now no longer be allowed to go to Church, she cannot stand near windows (as she did when watching Volpone), and, most bizarrely, she must do everything backwards from now on–she must even walk and speak backwards. Mosca then arrives, implying to Corvino that if he lets Celia sleep with Volpone (as a "restorative" for Volpone's failing health), then Volpone will choose him as his heir. Suddenly, Corvino's jealousy disappears, and he consents to the offer.

第二幕發生的時間就在第一幕一會兒後,我們遇見Politic Would-be先生正與一位剛登錄威尼斯的年輕英國旅遊者博元格林 (Peregrine) 談話,Politic Would-be先生欣賞這位年輕人並且想要教他一兩件有關威尼斯或威尼斯人的事物。博元格林也很開心結交Sir Politic,只因為他自負、容易受騙。當他倆走在狐坡尼家前的公共廣場時,被一名名叫史果托 (Scoto Mantua)的人打斷,事實上,他正是狐坡尼假扮的意大利江湖醫生或者說是賣藥的人。史果托以長篇大論、天花亂墜的推銷術,佯稱他的新能治癒百病。話一說完便叫群眾丟給他手帕,西利雅也照做了。卡維諾抵達時西利雅正扔擲她的手帕,西利雅瞬時大怒,將群眾轟出廣場。狐坡尼回家並跟莫斯卡說他為了西利雅懷了相思病,而莫斯卡也發誓會將西利雅帶來見他。在這同時,卡維諾斥責他的老婆丟擲手帕,因為這象徵她的不貞,並且也威脅說因此要殺她全家。他嚴格規定她不准上教堂、不准站靠近窗戶〈倘若她靠近了窗,便是在看狐坡尼〉,而最令人難以接受的是,她做任何事情時必須朝後,從現在起,她必須面向後走路、說話時也必須從句子的最後一個字由後往前說話。莫斯卡隨後到達並且暗示卡維諾如果他讓西利雅跟狐坡尼共度良宵的話,〈對狐坡尼而言西利雅是興奮劑〉狐坡尼將會讓他當繼承人。霎那間,卡維諾嫉妒消失了,他爽快地答應了這項提議。

The third act begins with a soliloquy from Mosca, indicating that he is growing increasingly conscious of his power and his independence from Volpone. Mosca then runs into Bonario, Corbaccio's son, and informs the young man of his father's plans to disinherit him. He has Bonario come back to Volpone's house with him, in order to watch Corbaccio sign the documents (hoping that Bonario might kill Corbaccio then and there out of rage, thus allowing Volpone to gain his inheritance early). Meanwhile Lady Politic again arrives at Volpone's residence, indicating that it is now mid-morning, approaching noon. This time, Volpone lets her in, but he soon regrets it, for he is exasperated by her talkativeness. Mosca rescues Volpone by telling the Lady that Sir Politic has been seen in a gondola with a courtesan (a high-class prostitute). Volpone then prepares for his seduction of Celia, while Mosca hides Bonario in a corner of the bedroom, in anticipation of Corbaccio's arrival. But Celia and Corvino arrive first—Celia complains bitterly about being forced to be unfaithful, while Corvino tells her to be quiet and do her job. When Celia and Volpone are alone together, Volpone greatly surprises Celia by leaping out of bed. Celia had expected and old, infirm man, but what she gets instead is a lothario who attempts to seduce her with a passionate speech. Always the good Christian, Celia refuses Volpone's advances, at which point Volpone says that he will rape her. But Bonario, who has been witnessing the scene from his hiding place the entire time, rescues Celia. Bonario wounds Mosca on his way out. Corbaccio finally arrives, too late, as does Voltore. Mosca plots, with Voltore's assistance, how to get Volpone out of this mess.

第三幕開始於莫斯卡的獨白,指出他已逐漸意識到他從主人那得到的權力及獨立性。莫斯卡隨後跑去找柯巴邱歐的兒子玻那利歐 (Bonnario),並跟他說他父親不打算讓他繼承遺產。莫斯卡帶他一同去狐坡尼的家,為了讓其親眼目睹其父所簽署的遺產文件〈希望玻那利歐會出於憤怒殺死其父,並且使狐坡尼無法順利繼承柯巴邱歐的遺產〉。在這同時,Lady Politic 再次現身於狐坡尼的家並且說當時時間已經接近中午了,她依約前來。此時,狐坡尼讓她進門,但是很快就後悔了,因為Lady Politic的多話讓他很惱怒,莫斯卡藉由告訴Lady PoliticSir Politic正在與一名高級妓女見面解救了狐坡尼。莫斯卡將玻那利歐藏在房間的一個小角落以便等待其父的到來。不料西利雅和卡維諾卻先到,西利雅抱怨先生要其不貞的要求,但卡維諾卻一味要求她安靜做好該做的事。當西利雅與狐坡尼獨處時,狐坡尼瞬時從床上一躍而下希望給西利雅帶來驚喜,但西利雅原本預期所見的對象是名年老力衰的老先生,沒想到卻是個意圖用熱情的話語誘惑她的放蕩子。身為一名虔誠的基督徒,西利雅拒絕狐坡尼的任何要求,此刻,狐坡尼惱羞成怒將強姦西利雅。然而,在牆邊一角目睹全程事件的玻那利歐拯救了西利雅,但卻在逃出時弄傷了莫斯卡。柯巴邱歐跟渦陀隨後也都來到現場,但都太遲。默斯卡也藉由渦陀的幫助,設計將讓狐坡尼露出狐狸尾巴。

A short while later, in the early afternoon, Peregrine and Sir Politic are still talking. Sir Politic gives the young traveler some advice on living in Venice and describes several schemes he has under consideration for making a great deal of money. They are soon interrupted by Lady Politic, who is convinced that Peregrine is the prostitute Mosca told her about—admittedly, in disguise. But Mosca arrives and tells Lady Politic that she is mistaken; the courtesan he referred to is now in front of the Senate (in other words, Celia). Lady Politic believes him and ends by giving Peregrine a seductive goodbye with a coy suggestion that they see each other again. Peregrine is incensed at her behavior and vows revenge on Sir Politic because of it. The scene switches to the Scrutineo, the Venetian Senate building, where Celia and Bonario have informed the judges of Venice about Volpone's deceit, Volpone's attempt to rape Celia, Corbaccio's disinheritance of his son, and Corvino's decision to prostitute his wife. But the defendants make a very good case for themselves, led by their lawyer, Voltore. Voltore portrays Bonario and Celia as lovers, Corvino as an innocent jilted husband, and Corbaccio as a wounded father nearly killed by his evil son. The judge are swayed when Lady Politic comes in and (set up perfectly by Mosca) identifies Celia as the seducer of her husband Sir Politic. Further, they are convinced when Volpone enters the courtroom, again acting ill. The judges order that Celia and Bonario be arrested and separated.

中午過後,博元格林和Sir Politic 依舊繼續談天,Sir Politic 先生給這位年輕旅遊者一些威尼斯生活的建議,並描述了幾個他秘密賺大錢的計畫。他們的談話很快地被Lady Politic打斷,她相信莫斯卡所說的假話,並認定博元格林就是與Sir Politic碰面的高級妓女。但是莫斯卡抵達時卻告訴Lady Politic說她誤會了,他指的那個高級妓女現在就站在參議員前面的西利雅。Lady Politic 相信他並且最後還給了博元格林一個媚人的吻別,含蓄地暗示著未來再相見,博元格林對於她的行為感到很生氣並且立誓要因此報復Sir Politic。場景轉移到威尼斯參議院(Scrutineo),在那西利亞和玻那利歐告訴法官狐坡尼的欺騙行徑和他意圖強姦西利亞的罪行,及柯巴邱歐不讓他兒子繼承遺產和卡維諾讓他老婆當妓女等事,但每位被告者都從自己的角度為自己辯解,並藉由他們的律師渦陀的辯護居於優勢。渦陀將西利亞和玻那利歐說成是一對愛人、卡維諾則是位被拋棄的可憐丈夫而柯巴邱歐則是位差點被兒子殺害的父親。當Lady Politic來到法院〈默斯卡的完美安排〉指認西利雅就是勾引他老公的人時,法官的決定備受影響,此外,狐坡尼再次病奄奄的出現也說服了法官,於是法官下令分別拘捕玻那利歐和西利雅。

In the final act, Volpone returns home tired and worried that he is actually growing ill, for he is now feeling some of the symptoms he has been faking. To dispel his fears, he decides to engage in one final prank on the legacy hunters. He spreads a rumor that he has died and then tells Mosca to pretend that he has been made his master's heir. The plan goes off perfectly, and all three legacy hunters are fooled. Volpone then disguises himself as a Venetian guard, so that he can gloat in each legacy hunter's face over their humiliation, without being recognized. But Mosca lets the audience know that Volpone is dead in the eyes of the world and that Mosca will not let him "return to the world of the living" unless Volpone pays up, giving Mosca a share of his wealth.

最後一幕,狐坡尼回到家,深感疲憊並且也擔心身體狀況真的走下坡,因為現在他真的感覺到他之前假裝生病的症狀。為了消除害怕,他決定開這些遺產涉獵者最後一個玩笑,他散佈謠言說他已經死了並且立莫斯卡為遺產繼承人。這個計畫進行地很順利,所有的遺產涉獵者都上當了。之後,為便於不被認出他真實的身分,狐坡尼假扮成一名威尼斯衛兵好對這些遺產涉獵者的羞辱。但是莫斯卡卻利用這次機會翻身,讓大眾以為狐坡尼真的已不在人世,除非狐坡尼償還債務並分財產給他,否則狐波尼可能永遠無法重回人間。

Meanwhile, Peregrine is in disguise himself, playing his own prank on Sir Politic. Peregrine presents himself as a merchant to the knight and informs Politic that word has gotten out of his plan to sell Venice to the Turks. Politic, who once mentioned the idea in jest, is terrified. When three merchants who are in collusion with Peregrine knock on the door, Politic jumps into a tortoise-shell wine case to save himself. Peregrine informs the merchants when they enter that he is looking at a valuable tortoise. The merchants decide to jump on the tortoise and demand that it crawls along the floor. They remark loudly upon its leg-garters and fine hand-gloves, before turning it over to reveal Sir Politic. Peregrine and the merchants go off, laughing at their prank, and Sir Politic moans about how much he agrees with his wife's desire to leave Venice and go back to England.

同時,博元格林也喬裝想惡整Sir Politic。他扮成一位商人並故意告訴Sir Politic他計畫將威尼斯賣給土耳其一事已被洩密,曾經提及過此事的Sir Politic 備受驚嚇。博元格林串通好三個商人敲門,Sir Politic跳進了一個龜殼狀的酒瓶藏匿, 博元格林以眼光注視著龜殼暗示這些商人,商人們決定跳上龜殼瓶上並且使瓶子在地上翻滾,他們大聲地評論大腿的吊襪帶和手套,並使瓶子翻轉讓Sir Politic現身,博元格林和三位商人對於自己的惡作劇洋洋得意之後離去,留下呻吟的Sir Politic,他同意妻子的建議一塊返回英國,離開威尼斯。

Meanwhile, Volpone gloats in front of each legacy hunter, deriding them for having lost Volpone's inheritance to a parasite such as Mosca, and he successfully avoids recognition. But his plan backfires nonetheless. Voltore, driven to such a state of distraction by Volpone's teasing, decides to recant his testimony in front of the Senate, implicating both himself but more importantly Mosca as a criminal. Corvino accuses him of being a sore loser, upset that Mosca has inherited Volpone's estate upon his death, and the news of this death surprises the Senators greatly. Volpone nearly recovers from his blunder by telling Voltore, in the middle of the Senate proceeding, that "Volpone" is still alive. Mosca pretends to faint and claims to the Senate that he does not know where he is, how he got there, and that he must have been possessed by a demon during the last few minutes when he was speaking to them. He also informs the Senators that Volpone is not dead, contradicting Corvino. All seems good for Volpone until Mosca returns, and, instead of confirming Voltore's claim that Volpone is alive, Mosca denies it. Mosca, after all, has a will, written by Volpone and in his signaure, stating that he is Volpone's heir. now that Volpone is believed to be dead, Mosca legally owns Volpone's property, and Mosca tells Volpone that he is not going to give it back by telling the truth. Realizing that he has been betrayed, Volpone decides that rather than let Mosca inherit his wealth, he will turn them both in. Volpone takes off his disguise and finally reveals the truth about the events of the past day. Volpone ends up being sent to prison, while Mosca is consigned to a slave galley. Voltore is disbarred, Corbaccio is stripped of his property (which is given to his son Bonario), and Corvino is publicly humiliated, forced to wear donkey's ears while being rowed around the canals of Venice. At the end, there is a small note from the playwright to the audience, simply asking them to applaud if they enjoyed the play they just saw.

此時,狐坡尼成功地以衛兵的偽裝在所有遺產涉獵者前幸災樂禍,嘲笑他們在爭奪遺產繼承時輸給了莫斯卡,然而,孰不知狐泥波的計畫玩過火了,被狐坡尼嘲笑到精神錯亂的渦陀決定在參議院撤銷他之前的證詞,暗指他自己和莫斯卡是罪犯,卡維諾指控渦陀輸不起,不滿默斯卡在狐玻尼死後繼承財產,並且狐坡尼的死訊也大大震撼了參議員。狐坡尼差點在參議院的聽審會中告訴渦陀他沒死,莫斯卡假裝暈倒並聲稱他毫不知狐坡尼的去向,而他先前的說法一定是被魔鬼操縱。莫斯卡持與卡維諾相反的看法矛盾地告知參議員狐坡尼沒死。一切對於狐坡尼都幾近美好,直到莫斯卡返回,當渦陀聲稱狐坡尼沒死時,莫斯卡卻否認,畢竟莫斯卡手持狐坡尼撰寫及簽名的遺囑,上頭寫著莫斯卡是財產繼承人,現在大家都已相信狐坡尼的死訊,莫斯卡也順理成章地繼承了財產,莫斯卡告訴狐坡尼他不會說出真相、歸還財產。狐坡尼終於明白莫斯卡背叛他,所以決定寧願交出他的財產也不要讓莫斯卡繼承。狐坡尼卸除他的喬裝,最後也說出了事情原由真相。狐坡尼最後關入監獄,默斯卡也送到船上當奴隸。渦陀取消了律師資格;柯巴邱歐的財產也被剝奪〈給了他的兒子玻那利歐〉,卡維諾則被,在威尼斯運河旁排隊時被迫戴驢耳朵,當眾羞辱。最後,劇作家對於觀眾有個小要求,這就如果這齣戲有帶給他們愉悅的話,就請別吝嗇掌聲。

有誰推薦more
迴響(1) :
1樓. 翻譯有誤
2016/04/10 15:36
有些地方的翻譯有錯誤喔!
發表迴響

會員登入