湯姆仕•莫樂利《亞瑟王之死》部分內容簡介

英文來源：SpakNotes

中文翻譯：陳佳蓉、談玉儀

CliffsNotes   

http://education.yahoo.com/homework_help/cliffsnotes/le_morte_darthur/52.html 

Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory

Summaries and Commentaries - Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: Slander and Strife

Summaries 摘要 

Gawain’s brothers Aggravain and Mordred, hating the queen and Launcelot, speak of their adulterous love before numerous knights. Gawain, Gareth, and others ask them to say no more and expect no support from them. Aggravain and Mordred nevertheless inform Arthur, who in fact has known for a long time and has ignored the matter for love of them both. He grudgingly consents to Aggravain’s plan to trap them. The jealous brothers spring their trap; Launcelot kills Aggravain with twelve of his knights and wounds Mordred, who flees.

高文的哥哥艾葛文和摩瑞，憎惡王后關妮維爾和第一武士藍斯洛，因此對騎士們揭露他們之間不可告人的私情。高文及嘉綠士都希望他們兩人能夠不再斐長流短，同時也表明不會幫助他們。然而，艾葛文和摩瑞還是將王后與武士的戀情告訴了亞瑟王，雖然亞瑟王對此事已經知道很久了，卻也假裝不知道他們之間的緋聞，但事情一經揭露，他只好勉強地接受艾葛文的計謀，希望將他們逮的正著。這對善忌的兄弟設下計謀誘使藍斯洛來到王后的寢宮，英勇的藍斯洛智勇雙全，殺了艾葛文及其手下的十二位圓桌武士，摩瑞也受了傷，但最後他逃脫了。

Arthur judges Guinevere to be burned, as law requires. Gawain pleads against it and refuses to have any part in it; his brothers Gareth and Gaheris beg to be excused as executioners or guards. All Launcelot’s house urges him to rescue the queen, as he himself desires, and so when the queen is lashed to the stake Launcelot comes, kills all those standing around her-including Gareth and Gaheris, who are unarmed, and takes her with him to Joyous Gard, where Tristram kept Isode until King Mark murdered him.

在法律的要求及亞瑟王的審判下，王后應該要被火燒死。高文請求其能免於參與王后行刑的工作，而他的兄弟嘉漢及嘉禾西斯，也為其身為劊子手的職務，而乞求王后的諒解。藍斯洛及其家人都希望能將王后救出，所以在王后將被行刑的那一刻，藍斯洛挺身而出，將王后身邊的二十四位圓桌武士全部殺死，包括高文的那未著戰袍的兩兄弟嘉漢及嘉禾西斯。藍斯洛將王后安置在“快樂的花園”，這也是另一位癡情圓桌武士崔斯坦藏匿他的愛人王后伊索德的安身之處。

Summaries and Commentaries - Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Day of Destiny 

Mordred makes himself King of England and incestuously claims Guinevere as his wife. Guinevere escapes to the Tower of London. The Bishop of Canterbury reproaches Mordred for his usurpation and would-be incest, and when Mordred tries to kill him, he flees and becomes a hermit. Mordred wins many Englishmen to his side, then meets Arthur at Dover but is forced to retreat from him.

摩瑞自封為英國國王，並且亂倫地要求皇后關妮維爾作為他老婆，因此她便逃到了倫敦鐵塔。坎特貝利的大主教斥責摩瑞篡位及亂倫，摩瑞要殺他時，他也逃走且從此隱居。摩瑞依然得到很多英國人的支持，當他在多佛遇到亞瑟王時，他被迫撤退。

In this battle Gawain is mortally wounded. As he dies he admits to Arthur that if it were not for his insane pride in insisting on unjust revenge, Launcelot would be here now to save the kingdom; then he writes Launcelot, begging him to come help Arthur and also to pray at his tomb. Then, bleeding from the wound he got originally from Launcelot—with the fated sword of Balyn—Gawain dies.

在這場戰役中高文身受重傷，在他死時，他對亞瑟王坦承說要不是他高傲地堅持要報仇，藍斯洛現在就會在這裡保衛國家了，隨後他寫信給藍斯洛，請求他能夠過來幫助亞瑟王之後，便在自己的墓碑旁禱告，最後因被藍斯洛所擊之劍傷流血過多而死。

Arthur meets Mordred again at the battle of Bareon Down and again puts him to flight. They meet next at Salisbury Plain, and there, with all who loved Launcelot fighting on Mordred’s side, they prepare for what is to be their last battle. The night before the battle, Arthur dreams he is on the Wheel of Fortune, sitting on a throne and dressed in the richest gold.

在貝輪當的戰役中，亞瑟王與摩瑞再次相遇而戰。而下一戰莎里世伯利平原一戰，最後一次作戰，所有的人都希望藍斯洛能來與摩瑞搏鬥。就在這場戰役的前晚，亞瑟王夢到他身穿著錦衣，高坐在命運之輪上。

After the prophetic dream he has another. Gawain and a number of ladies come to him to warn him against fighting in the morning for if Arthur fights, he will die; if he waits for a month, Launcelot will be here to help him. Then Gawain and the ladies vanish.

在夢到這帶有預言的夢之後，他又做了另一個夢：高文和一些少女來到她身邊，警告他不要在隨後的早上作戰，若他要打，他就會戰死。如果他能再等一個月，藍斯洛就會來幫他。隨後高文和少女就消失了。

Arthur asks a truce, and the two armies meet on the field to set terms. An adder appears, a knight unthinkingly draws his sword to kill it, and the two armies are at war. At the end of the day, Mordred is the only man of his army left standing, and Arthur has only two knights, Sir Lucan and Sir Bedivere. Against Sir Lucan’s advice, Arthur fights Mordred and kills him, but he gets his own death wound as he does it. Lucan and Bedivere bear him to a chapel. Robbers overrun the battlefield stealing the gear of dead knights, killing any that have life left in them.

亞瑟王請求停戰和解，然後兩方軍隊在戰場談條件，突然，有一條小青蛇突然出現，一位騎士毫不思索地拔起他的劍要殺死青蛇，因而引發兩方軍隊的戰爭。在一天結束時，摩瑞軍隊只剰下摩瑞一人存活，而亞瑟王這邊也只有兩個武士魯肯和貝弟瑞和存活。在魯肯的建議下，亞瑟王和摩瑞最後一博，摩瑞死了，而亞瑟王也受了致命的一擊。兩位武士將國王扶到一個小禮堂。這時，只見強盜在戰場上橫行並從死去的騎士身上偷走了作戰的用具，並且殺死苟延殘喘的士兵。

Arthur is dying and cannot be moved to safety. And so he sends Bedivere to throw Excalibur into the lake nearby, then return and tell what he has seen. Bedivere hides the sword under a tree, thinking it too precious to throw away, then returns and says he has obeyed. “What did you see?” Arthur asks. Bedivere says he saw only waves and winds. Arthur sends him twice more, and the last time Bedivere does as he has been commanded. A hand catches the sword and brandishes it three times.

瀕臨垂死邊緣的亞瑟王已經不能再被搬到安全的地方了，因此他派貝弟瑞和將其寶劍丟向附近的湖裡，然後回來告訴他他看見什麼。貝弟瑞和想這麼珍貴的的劍不忍心把它丟掉，便把寶劍藏在樹下，回報亞瑟王他已執行任務。亞瑟王問他: 你看到了什麼了? 他回答他只看到漣漪和風。亞瑟王再度派他執行丟寶劍之任務，直到第三次他才按照命令去做，只見自水中伸出一隻手握住劍，揮舞了三下。

Then at Arthur’s command, Bedivere carries the king to the waterside, where a barge awaits him and some ladies in black hoods. Bedivere puts Arthur in the barge and he is borne away to Avilon, perhaps to heal his wounds, perhaps to die. Bedivere wanders through a forest until he comes to where a hermit is kneeling over a fresh grave. It is the grave of a man brought to him at midnight by ladies in black. Whether or not the body is really that of Arthur, no one knows. Some say Arthur still lives, and some say riot.

然後在亞瑟王的命令下，貝弟瑞和帶他來到水邊，那兒有一艘船及幾位頭戴著黑色頭巾的少女正等著他。貝弟瑞和將亞瑟王帶到船上，航向阿為隆之谷，有可能到那療傷，也有可能到那安死。貝弟瑞和一直在森林中中遊盪，直到他看到有一位隱士跪在一個剛蓋好的墳墓前祭拜。這隱士表示在半夜裡他被一群穿著黑色的少女帶到這新墳前祈禱。沒人知道這屍體是否真為亞瑟王，有人傳說亞瑟王還活著，有人說這只是眾人群聚鬧事罷了。

Book VIII. The Death of King Arthur: The Death of Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinever

Summaries                          

When Launcelot hears of the death of Arthur and Gawain, he comes to England in haste. He looks for the queen and finds her in a nunnery. For love of Guinevere as much as for remorse he takes on the habit of a priest. Guided by visions, he goes to Almesbury, where he finds Guinevere dead. He buries her beside King Arthur, then sickens and dies himself. He is buried at Joyous Gard. Constantine reigns after Arthur, but the scant remnants of the Round Table are dispersed. Bors, Ector, Blamour, and Bleoberis go to the Holy Land to fight the infidel. The rest simply wander off.

摘要

當藍斯洛聽到亞瑟王及高文的死訊，他迅速地來到英國。他到處找尋皇后，並在一個修道院裡發現她。對皇后關妮維爾的愛及對自己的痛悔自責使他成為一個神父。在夢裡幻覺的引導下，他來到了歐枚斯伯利，並且發現關妮維爾的屍體。他把她的屍體火葬在亞瑟王的身邊，然後他也隨之死去，被火葬在“快樂的花園”。康斯坦丁在亞瑟王過世後繼任為王，然而圓桌武士的聲名也逐漸消失。藍斯洛的侄子伯爾斯，弟弟愛克特及其他的武士如伯拉摩、伯里歐貝李斯都去了聖地與無宗教信仰的人搏鬥，至於其他人的圓桌武士則是浪跡天崖，居無定所。