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第十講 11/13 American Literature Notes
2013/11/13 19:50
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課程計畫:Walt Whitman’s Song of Myself

While you were sleepy


Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?我應否把你和夏日比美?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:你比夏日更其美好溫和:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,強風誠有吹憾五月可愛的花蕾,

And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:夏之為期全太短暫匆匆忽過:

Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,天上日照有時又何炎熾,

And often is his gold complexion dimm’d;太陽的黃金臉色也復常被陰翳掩沒;

And every fair from fair sometime declines,美麗的事物終有一天會失去它們的美麗,

By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d;只因它們遭遇不測或者自然之變的剝奪

But thy eternal summer shall not fade但是你的常住之夏將要永不消褪,

Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;那為你所有之美也將永無改觀;

Nor shall Death brag thou wander’st in his shade,當你已在不朽的詩篇中和時間合一,

When in eternal lines to time thou growest:死神便休再誇口你正在他的陰影中盤桓:

So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,斯世尚有人視息,
So long lives this and this gives life to thee.我詩長存予君生命至永恆。

#free Verse

#Sonnet 18 


Jane Eyre

#Introduction:Jane Eyre is a first-person narrative(叙述) of the title character. The novel goes through five distinct stages: Jane's childhood at Gateshead, where she is emotionally and physically abused by her aunt and cousins; her education at Lowood School, where she acquires friends and role models but also suffers privations and oppression; her time as the governess of Thornfield Hall, where she falls in love with her Byronic employer, Edward Rochester; her time with the Rivers family, during which her earnest but cold clergyman cousin, St John Rivers, proposes to her; and the finale with her reunion with, and marriage to, her beloved Rochester. During these sections the novel provides perspectives on a number of important social issues and ideas, many of which are critical of the status quo (see the Themes section below). Literary critic Jerome Beaty notes that the close first person perspective leaves the reader "too uncritically accepting of her worldview" and often leads reading and conversation about the novel towards supporting Jane, regardless of how irregular her ideas or perspectives.

#Themes:

*Morality(道德)

Jane refuses to become Mr. Rochester's paramour because of her "impassioned self-respect and moral conviction." She rejects St. John Rivers' religious fervour as much as the libertine aspects of Mr. Rochester's character. Instead, she works out a morality expressed in love, independence, and forgiveness. Jane does not want to be seen as an outcast to society by being a mistress to Rochester.

*God and religion(宗教)

EX:Mr. Rochester is a less than perfect Christian. He is, indeed, a sinner: he attempts to enter into a bigamous marriage with Jane and, when that fails, tries to persuade her to become his mistress. He also confesses that he has had three previous mistresses. However, at the end of the book Mr.Rochester repents his sinfulness, thanks God for returning Jane, and asks Him for the strength to lead a purer life.

*Social class

Jane's ambiguous social position — a penniless yet decently educated orphan from a good family – leads her to criticise some discrimination based on class, though she makes class discriminations herself. Although she is educated, well-mannered, and relatively sophisticated, she is still a governess, a paid servant of low social standing, and therefore relatively powerless.

*Gender(性别) relations

Women are supposed to be very calm generally: but women feel just as men feel; they need exercise for their faculties, and a field for their efforts as much as their brothers do; they suffer from too rigid a restraint, too absolute a stagnation, precisely as men would suffer; and it is narrow-minded in their more privileged fellow-creatures to say that they ought to confine themselves to making puddings and knitting stockings, to playing on the piano and embroidering bags. It is thoughtless to condemn them, or laugh at them, if they seek to do more or learn more than custom has pronounced necessary for their sex. (Chapter XII)

*Love and passion

*Feminism(女权主义)

The role and standing of women in the Victorian era is considered by Brontë in Jane Eyre, specifically in regard to Jane's independence and ability to make decisions for herself. As a young woman, small and of relatively low social standing, Jane encounters men during her journey, of good, bad, and morally debatable character. However, many of them, no matter their ultimate intentions, attempt to establish some form of power and control over Jane.

*Atonement(赎罪) and forgiveness

*Search for home and family

Without any living family that she is aware of (until well into the story), throughout the course of the novel Jane searches for a place that she can call home. Significantly, houses play a prominent part in the story. (In keeping with a long English tradition, all the houses in the book have names). The novel's opening finds Jane living at Gateshead Hall, but this is hardly a home. Mrs. Reed and her children refuse to acknowledge her as a relation, treating her instead as an unwanted intruder and an inferior.


Eine kleine Nachtmusik

Eine kleine Nachtmusik (Serenade No. 13 for strings in G major), K. 525, is a 1787 composition for a chamber ensemble by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The German title means "a little serenade(小夜曲)," though it is often rendered more literally but less accurately as "a little night music."The work is written for an ensemble of two violins, viola(中提琴), and cello with optional double bass, but is often performed by string orchestras(管弦乐队).

#The work has four movements:

I.Allegro
II.Romanze: Andante
III.Menuetto: Allegretto
IV.Rondo: Allegro


I forget my lines


God Save the Queen

"God Save the Queen" is the de facto British national anthem(国歌) and also has this role in some British territories(领土). It is one of two national anthems for New Zealand (since 1977) and for several of Britain's territories that have their own additional local anthem. It is the royal anthem of Australia (since 1984), Canada (since 1980), Barbados and Tuvalu. In countries not previously part of the British Empire, the tune of "God Save the Queen" has provided the basis for various patriotic songs, though still generally connected with royal ceremony.In the United States, the British anthem's melody is used for the patriotic "My Country, 'Tis of Thee".

The Star-Spangled Banner

"The Star-Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States. The lyrics come from "Defence of Fort McHenry",a poem written in 1814 by the 35-year-old lawyer and amateur poet, Francis Scott Key, after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by the British Royal Navy ships in Chesapeake Bay during the Battle of Fort McHenry in the War of 1812.

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