The ladle nozzle is a fundamental component of the molten steel flow-control system in primary and s...

In secondary metallurgy and continuous casting, the slide gate system is an indispensable flow-contr...

1. Introduction In modern continuous steel casting, the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) plays a crucial...

1. Introduction In modern continuous casting and secondary steelmaking operations, maintaining steel...

1. Introduction In continuous casting of steel, controlling the transfer of molten steel from the tu...

1. Introduction In modern steelmaking, continuous casting has become the dominant technology for tra...

1. Introduction In modern continuous casting of steel, the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) plays a crit...

1. Introduction The sub-entry shroud (SES) is a critical refractory component in the continuous cast...

Introduction Slide gate plates are key functional refractories installed in the ladle or tundish sli...

In modern continuous casting operations, the ladle shroud plays a critical role in ensuring smooth s...